Complete list of command line commands. Command Line Commands Every Windows User Should Know. Why do we need commands?

Using cmd commands Windows can launch system utilities much faster than doing it the usual way. And, although not everyone understands the meaning of this text interface, considering it outdated, in fact the tool is quite useful.

And not only for professionals, but also for ordinary users. Although to run most commands, you should run the command line (cmd) as an administrator.

The need to use the command line

The cmd line, which is a standard Windows platform tool, is no different in different versions operating systems - in the seventh, and in the eighth, and in the tenth, and even in XP. And all teams work the same way in each of them.

The advantage of using a line is that it speeds up the work - sometimes entering the desired command is much faster than searching for the corresponding file in the system folders. Moreover, to speed up work with CMD, a link to it can be displayed on the desktop - or even on the panel quick launch.

The disadvantages of the interface are:

manual command entry from the keyboard;
necessity launch CMD as administrator (otherwise most commands cannot be launched);
a fairly large list of commands that are difficult to remember.

Externally, the command line is very similar to the interface DOS systems. And, although it allows you to solve many more problems, some commands are the same as the outdated platform. For example, “format”, “cd” and “dir”, necessary for working with folders and drives.

Working with the interface

Before you start working with the command line, you must first launch it. There are several ways to do this:

Open the “Run” menu (pressing Win + R at the same time) and enter the cmd.exe command;
Go to Windows folder on the system drive, open the System32 directory and run the file called cmd.exe. You can simplify the task by creating a shortcut that launches the same application and install it on the desktop;
Open the Start menu, go to the All Programs section, then to the Accessories subsection and find the Command Prompt.

You should know: After the first launch through the Start menu, CMD appears at the top of it - in the list of most frequently launched applications and utilities. And you can open a line while working in any application (even in a game), just by pressing the Win button on the keyboard.

Rice. 1. Command line operating room Windows systems.

The standard view of the command line is a black window with white text. If this option does not suit the user, he can change the colors depending on his preferences.

To do this, right-click on the top of the window and go to CMD properties. In the window that opens, you can select the location of the line, the colors of the text or window, and even the font sizes. Here you can expand the interface to almost the entire screen, increasing the level of convenience of working with it.

Rice. 2. Change command line settings

Commands to help you work with CMD

Hotkeys help make using the command line even easier - although they are not the same as the usual Windows shortcuts. Instead of pressing the standard Ctrl + C and Ctrl + V typings, copying and pasting text is done as follows:

Right-click on the selected line in the open CMD window;
Select “Mark”;
Select text using the left button;
Right click again. After this, all information ends up in the operating system's clipboard.

In order to paste the copied information, press the same right button and select “Paste”. You can simplify copying data by checking the “Mouse selection” box in the command line properties.

After this, the text can be immediately selected with the left button. If you uncheck the quick paste box, the data is inserted on top of already written commands.

List of hotkeys

When working with the command line, use the following “hot keys”:

The up and down arrows allow you to move the cursor around the window, including commands that have already been entered;
Home and End move the cursor to the beginning and end of the line, respectively;
the left and right arrows together with the Ctrl key pressed simultaneously allow you to move the cursor in a given direction by an entire word;
Insert, just like in any text editor, switches the modes of inserting text with a shift to the right and overwriting over written data;
Esc deletes the selected information;
F1 allows you to enter the last recorded command one character at a time;
F5 prints the previous command;
F7 lists the last few entries. By default, their number is 50.

Basic commands

The list of basic commands that most users need is relatively small and consists of commands that perform the following actions:

work with catalogs;
display work statistics various applications, network and operating system as a whole;
restore driver functionality;
turn off the computer.

Using the command line, you can even format the drive (including the system drive, which cannot be formatted from a Windows system by any other means) and even stop the process. Also, using CMD, the user gets access to the registry editor and the system configuration window much faster.

Working with catalogs

The main command for working with directories is dir. With its help you can check the contents of an open directory. And, if you need to open another folder, you should additionally specify the path to it. For example, select “dir C:\” or “dir D:\”.

Rice. 3. Checking the contents of logical drive C.

The second command for working with directories is cd. With its help you can go to any selected folder. For example, by writing “cd C:\Windows” on the command line, go to the system directory. To open a folder on a disk that is already selected, issue a command like “cd /D D:\”.

Rice. 4. Transition from local drive C to drive D.

The mkdir command creates a new folder. And the parameter that is set after it determines the name of the directory. So, after entering “mkdir D:\New_Folder”, the corresponding directory appears on drive D. If the user specifies several directories in the list at once (for example, “E:\New\Games\Fallout_3”), an entire tree of folders can be created.

Rice. 5. Create a new folder from the command line.

Running the rmdir command allows you to delete a directory by specifying its full path. For example, by writing "rmdir D:\New_Folder", you can erase the newly created folder. Although, if there are other files inside the directory, a message appears on the screen indicating that it is not empty. You can delete a non-empty folder by entering the command rmdir /S on the line. Before deleting, select “Y” (Yes), confirming your action.

Rice. 6. Deleting a folder using the rmdir command.

Turning off the computer

Using the shutdown command, you can turn off the computer - either immediately or by setting a timer:

shutdown /s simply stops the operating system, closing all unfinished processes;
When you select the shutdown /s /t 3600 command, the timer will be set to exactly one hour. If you need to set any other time, the corresponding number of seconds is written instead of 3600;

Rice. 7. Enable automatic shutdown of the system.

To cancel an already set timer, enter the shutdown /a command.

Rice. 8. Cancel shutdown.

Teams work the same in any operating system. The only difference is in the inscriptions that appear. For example, for Windows 7, messages are located in the lower right corner of the desktop.

View statistics

Viewing computer statistics begins with the systeminfo command. She gives out maximum amount Windows system information. Although, to obtain information, it is more effective to use special applications rather than a system utility.

For example, AIDA64 – universal program for collecting information, the only drawback of which is the shareware license. A month after use, you will have to pay for the utility - from 1400 to 2200 rubles. per computer, depending on the number of licenses purchased.

Rice. 9. Obtaining information about the computer and operating system.

The driverquery utility allows you to view a list of drivers and their properties. In the list that appears on the screen you can see the type of control program, the reference date and the name of the module.

Rice. 10. Display a list of drivers.

A utility called pathping, when run, shows information about the data lost during transmission between the starting and ending points. This command calculates loss ratios for different routers. And based on the results of the utility’s work, they identify access problems for individual routers.

Rice. 11. A utility that checks network operation.

The Netstat application shows information about active connections and statistics for various network protocols. When you run the command without specifying specific parameters, only TCP connections are displayed.

Rice. 12. Checking active TCP connections.

The tasklist command displays a list of all processes launched by the system. With its help, you can view data received from a remote computer. Although, if additional parameters are not specified, information is displayed only about the current device.

The ipconfig utility displays information about the IP address and other parameters of the network adapter. Along with the command, additional parameters are used - for example, /all, which allows you to obtain information about each of the adapters.

Rice. 13. Obtaining information about network connections.

Changing system settings

The msconfig utility allows you to call up a menu that allows you to change the operating system configuration:

a list of programs that automatically load with the system;
launch options;
Windows boot options.

Most often, the command is used to remove or add an application to the startup tab. And sometimes they make changes to the loading order of operating systems - if two of them are installed on the computer (for example, Windows 10 and Windows XP, each of which may be more convenient for a particular user).

Rice. 14. Calling the menu for changing the system configuration.

Running the regedit utility opens the editor system registry- one of the most useful applications that helps you get rid of leftovers remote programs, make changes to services and fix problems. It is worth noting that changing any values (not to mention deleting) must be done very carefully. Errors in the registry can lead to system crashes and even reinstallation. Read also our material: TOP 3 cleaning programs Windows registry 7.

Rice. 16. Start checking files on the system disk.

The format command, which has not changed for decades, allows you to format any disk, including USB flash drives. Selecting “format C:” formats the system partition. And with the help additional parameters you can define a file system (/fs), set a volume label (/y), and even assign cluster sizes (/a). Without specifying certain conditions, the cluster is installed automatically.

Rice. 17. Formatting the H drive via the command line.

Stopping processes

Using a command, you can stop a specific process. An identifier can be used for this (for example, 2616, if we are talking about graphic editor Paint) and the /pid parameter. In addition, when stopping, the name of the process itself and another parameter /im can be used. The same editor is closed with the command taskkill /im MSPaint.exe.

Rice. 19. A utility that restores damaged system files.

Clearing the screen

After executing several commands, the window is filled with text, which may interfere with further work. You can get rid of unnecessary data using the CLS (Clear Screen) command. After launching it, the screen is completely cleared, leaving room for further user actions.

conclusions

With constant use of basic commands, they are easily remembered by the user. And in order to learn about new utilities or remember the names of old ones, you need to enter /help on the command line. A list of possible commands will appear on the screen, which are unlikely to be useful for the average user, but can simplify the work of local network administrators.

Command line - special program, which allows you to control the operating system using text commands entered in the application window. Its interface is completely text-based, in contrast to the usual appearance of the operating system.

Performing actions using text expressions, of course, is not as convenient as clicking on icons on the screen, selecting menu items, or opening program windows. But sometimes it is simply necessary to open the command line, for example, in case of problems in the system, working with setting up a network and equipment, calling system applications. Here are some examples of its use:

The systeminfo command allows you to collect information about the system, including installed updates and network information. The graphical interface does not provide for receiving such data.
chkdsk - checks the disk for errors and generates a report.
sfc /scannow - useful command launch scanning and recovery of damaged files.
ipconfig - allows you to find out the IP address of your computer in a split second.
ping - check the network operation in case of problems with the router.
help - the command line will display a list of possible commands with brief information about them.

These are just a few examples of the useful uses of this application. In addition, through the program window you can quite successfully work on the computer without using a mouse.

Switching methods

There are several options to open the Windows Command Prompt:

In versions higher than Windows 8, in order to apply this method, you need to click on the magnifying glass next to the user name.

You can also create a desktop shortcut and hotkeys for quick launch. You can create a shortcut like this:

In the Explorer window, find the “Windows\System32” folder, right-click on the cmd.exe file in it, then “Create a shortcut” and select a name for it.
Right-click on an empty space on the screen and find “Create shortcut” in the context menu. In the field that appears, type C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe. Next, select a name and click OK.

Now you can assign hotkeys. Call context menu created shortcut, click “Properties”, “Shortcut” tab, enter the required combination in the “Shortcut” field.

Please note that when launched using the shortcut, search box and Explorer, the command line is launched from the System32 folder, and using the “Run” item of the Start menu from the Users folder of your computer.

Opening with extended rights

Among the methods discussed, some allow you to enable the command line as an administrator. The point is that even if current work You are using the Administrator account, you do not have full rights to manage the system. This is done to improve reliability and reduce the risk of damage from malware.

Running as an administrator is a different concept than an administrator account. It involves increasing the level of rights, giving the program the highest access to changing the system. This way, more functions will become available in the application (in our case, on the command line). When opened normally they are simply locked. For example, if you want to disable control accounts via cmd.exe, in normal mode this will not be available, only as an administrator.

Thus, the command line is a kind of universal Windows system management tool that allows you to perform various tasks without switching between many windows, menus, and programs. All commands are directed through the text window, you can quickly change network settings, security settings, check or format drives and perform many other functions in seconds.

Save it for yourself so you don’t lose it!

How to control a computer without a mouse? To do this, you can launch the Windows cmd command line using the win r key combination, and then type cmd in the console that appears and press Enter.

The command prompt window opened. Through it, you can turn off the computer, create/delete folders, set program launch schedules, make programs system programs, change file extensions, start and stop applications, and much more.

Thus, if you want a number of cmd commands to be executed automatically on your computer, you can write them down in notepad and save them with the extension. bat.

An example of a simple program:
@Echo off.
Color 0a.
Chcp 1251.
Echo.
Reboot your computer.
Pause.
Shutdown/r.

This program restarts the computer and requires you to press any key to do this. To stop the execution of the program, you simply need to close the window that appears.

Similar bat files (bat files) are often used to write computer viruses, which, by the way, go unnoticed antivirus programs(in most cases. And for secrecy they are translated into .exe format.

You can read more about the cmd commands below (or you can just write Help on the command line.

A.
Append - Allows programs to open files in specified directories as if they were in the current directory.

arp - displays and changes IP-to-physical address conversion tables used by the address resolution protocol.

Assoc - display or change associations based on file name extensions.

at - the command is designed to launch programs at a specified time.

Atmsdm - monitors connections and addresses registered by the ATM call manager on asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks.

Attrib - change the attributes of files and folders.

Auditusr - sets the user audit policy.

B.
Break - enable the Ctrl C key processing mode.

Bootcfg - This command line program can be used to configure, retrieve, change or remove command line options in the Boot file. ini.

C.
Cacls - view changes to ACL access control tables for files.

Call - calling one batch file from another.

cd - display the name or change the current folder.

Chcp - output or change the active code page.

Chdir - output or change the current folder.

Chkdsk - disk check and report output.

Chkntfs - Displays or changes disk check parameters during boot.

Ciddaemon is a file indexing service.

Cipher is a file encryption program.

cls - clear interpreter screen.

cmd - launches a new command line window.

Cmstp - installing connection manager profiles.

Color - Sets the color for text and background in text boxes.

Comp - compares the contents of two files or sets of files.

Compact - view and change file compression settings in Ntfs partitions.

Convert - conversion file system FAT volumes in Ntfs.

Copy - copy one or more files.

D.
Date - display or set the current date.

Debug is a tool for debugging and editing programs.

Defrag - disk defragmentation.

del - delete one or more files.

Devcon is a device manager alternative.

Diantz is the same as Makecab.

dir - displays a list of files and subfolders from the specified directory.

Diskcomp - compares the contents of two floppy disks.

Diskcopy - copying the contents of one floppy disk to another.

Diskpart - use the Diskpart script.

Diskperf - disk performance counter.

Doskey - editing and call back Windows commands; creating Doskey macros.

Driverquery - list view installed drivers devices and their properties.

E.
Echo - display messages and switch the mode of displaying commands on the screen.

Edit - launch the MS - DOS editor.

Endlocal - complete localization of environment changes in the batch file.

Edlin - launch a line-by-line text editor.

Erase - deleting one or more files.

Esentutl - maintenance of utilities for Microsoft (R) Windows databases.

Eventcreate - This command allows the administrator to create a special event entry in the specified event log.

Eventtriggers - This command allows the administrator to display and configure event triggers on a local or remote system.

Exe2bin - converts EXE files into binary format.

Exit - end the command line.

Expand - unpacks compressed files.

F.
fc - compares two files or two sets of files and prints the differences between them.

Find - search for a text string in one or more files.

Findstr - search for strings in files.

Finger - displays information about users of the specified system.

Fltmc - work with driver load filter.

for - execute the specified command for each file in the set.

Forcedos - comparison of MS - DOS applications that are not recognized by the system Microsoft Windows XP.

Format - formatting the disk for working with Windows.

Fontview is a font viewer.

Fsutil - Manage reparse points, manage sparse files, unmount a volume, or extend a volume.

ftp is a file transfer program.

Ftype - View and change file types associated with filename extensions.

G.
Getmac - displays the MAC address of one or more computer network adapters.

Goto - transfers control to the line containing the label in the batch file.

Gpresult - Displays the resulting policy (Rsop) for the specified user and computer.

Gpupdate - performing group policy updates.

Graftabl - select a code page for displaying symbols of national alphabets in graphical mode.

H.
Help - displays a partial list of commands that are used in cmd.

Hostname - displays the computer name.

I.
if - statement conditional execution commands in a batch file.

Ipconfig - displays the subnet mask, default gateway and information about your IP.

Ipxroute is a Nwlink IPX routing management program.

L.
Label - create, change and delete volume labels for a disk.

Lodctr - updating counter names and explanatory text for an extended counter.

Logman - Schedule management for performance counters and event trace log.

Logoff - ending a Windows session.

lpq - displays the queue status of the remote print queue lpq.

lpr - sends a print job to a network printer.

Lsass is a local security definition server.

M.
Makecab - archiving files in cab - archive.

md - create a folder.

mem - displays information about used and free memory.

Mkdir - creating a folder with extended functionality.

mmc - opens the MMC console window.

Mode - debugging system devices.

Mofcomp - 32-bit. Microsoft (R) MOF compiler.

More - sequential output of data in parts the size of one screen.

Mountvol - view, create and delete volume mount points.

Move - moving and renaming files and directories.

Mqbkup is a utility for archiving and restoring a message queue.

Mqsvc - provides an infrastructure for running distributed applications.

msg - send messages to the user.

Msiexec - launch Windows installer.

N.
Nbtstat - displays protocol statistics and current TCP/IP connections using NBT (Netbios over TCP/IP.

net is an application package designed to work with the network.

Net1 is the same as net.

Netsh - local or remote display and change of network parameters.

Netstat - displays protocol statistics and current network connections TCP/IP.

Nslookup - displays information intended for DNS diagnostics.

Ntbackup - launches the archiving wizard.

Ntsd is a command line debugger.

O.
Odbcconf - setting up the Odbc driver.

Openfiles - this command allows the user to list open files and folders that were opened in the system.

P.
Pagefileconfig - setting up paging files and virtual memory.

Path - output or set the search path for executable files.

Pathping - displaying information about hidden networks and data loss.

Pause - pauses the execution of the cmd script.

Pentnt - Detects Pentium processor floating point division errors, disables hardware floating point processing, and enables floating point emulations.

Perfmon - opens the "Performance" window.

Ping - checks the connection with another computer.

Ping6 - communication test command.

Popd - changes one folder to the one that was saved by the Pushd command.

Powercfg - this command allows you to control the power supply of the system.

Print - print a text file.

Prncnfg - setting printer parameters.

Prompt - change the cmd command line prompt. exe.

Proxycfg is a Proxy connection configuration tool.

Pushd - saves the values of the current directory for use by the Popd command.

Q.
Qappsrv - Displays available terminal servers on the network.

Qprocess - displays information about processes.

Qwinsta - displays information about terminal sessions.

R.
Rasdial is a command line communication interface for the remote access service client.

rcp - exchange files with a computer running the RCP service.

Recover - recovery of saved data on a damaged disk.

reg - editing the system registry via the command line.

Regsvr32 - registration server.

Relog - creates a new performance log from an existing one.

rem - placing a comment in a batch file.

ren - rename files and folders.

Rename - renaming files and folders.

Replace - replacing files.

Reset is a terminal services reset utility.

Rexec - execution of commands on remote nodes running the Rexec service.

rd - delete a folder.

Rmdir - deleting a folder.

Route - processing of network route tables.

rsh - execute commands on remote nodes running the RSH service.

rsm - media resource management using the Removable Storage service.

Runas - using applications on behalf of another user.

Rundll32 - launching standard commands - functions embedded in the dll.

Rwinsta - reset the values of equipment subsystems and session programs to their initial state.

S.
sc - establishing a connection with NT Service Controller and its services.

Schtasks - create, delete, modify and poll scheduled tasks on a local or remote system.

Sdbinst is a compatibility database installer.

Secedit - automates security configuration tasks.

set - display, assign and delete variables on the command line.

Setlocal - start localizing environment changes in a batch file.

Setver - specifies the version number that MS - DOS reports to the program.

sfc - Windows file scan.

Shadow - Allows you to monitor another Terminal Services session.

Shift - changes the contents of the substituted parameters for the batch file.

Shutdown - ending the session, shutting down and rebooting the Windows system.

Smbinst is a process owned by System Management Bios Driver Installer.

Sort - sorting files.
Start - launch a program or command in a separate window.

Subst - mapping the drive name to the specified path.

Systeminfo - displays information about system settings.

T.
Taskkill - termination of one or more processes.

Tasklist - shows running programs and processes currently running.

Tcmsetup - installing a telephony client.

Tftp - file sharing with remote computer, which is running the Tftp service.

Time - view or change the current time.

Title - assignment of the title of the interpreter window.

Tlntadmn - remote control computer.

Tracert - trace the route to the specified node.

Tracerpt - Processes event tracking log binaries or data streams.

Tracert6 is a version of Tracert for the IPv6 protocol.

Tree - displays the disk or directory structure as a tree.

Tscon - attaches a user session to a terminal session.

Tsdiscon - disable the terminal session.

Tskill - termination of the process.

Tsshutdn - shutdown the server in the prescribed manner.

Type - display the contents of text files on the screen. Typeperf - Prints performance information to the screen or to a log. U Unlodctr - removing counter names and explanatory text for an extended counter. Userinit is a Windows system explorer. V ver - display information about Windows versions. Verify - setting the mode for checking the correctness of writing files to disk. vol - displays the label and serial number of the volume for the disk. Vssadmin is a volume shadow copy command line tool. W W32tm - time service diagnostics. Wbemtest - toolkit tester Windows management. Winver - displays information about the Windows version. Wmic is a scripting tool. X Xcopy - copying files and folder trees.

In order to start working with the command line on Windows, you first need to find it. In Windows 7 and Windows 10, this can be done in several popular ways.

Method 1. Press the key combination on the keyboard “Win” “R”

and in the Run window write the cmd command

After which the Windows command line will be launched.

Method 2. In Start, write the command CMD or “command line” and select the program icon.

If you need to run as administrator, right-click on the cmd file and select “Run as administrator.”

These CMD file commands can be useful to many personal computer users:

del - command used to delete. Can be used to delete one or several files. In addition, there is an option to delete read-only files;
edit - the command launches a text editor;
ren - allows you to rename a file. You can also use rename;
move - used to move and rename a file;
copy con - allows you to create a new file;
fc - allows you to compare what is in two files. The result of the work is the appearance of symbols that provide information about the status of the comparison;
type - applicable for text documents. The execution of the command is to display the contents of the file on the screen;
copy - allows you to copy and also merge files.

Command line command. List of all existing Windows command line commands:

ASSOC Print or modify mappings based on file name extensions.
ATTRIB View and modify file properties.
BREAK Locks or unlocks enhanced CTRL+C processing in DOS.
BCDEDIT Sets properties in the boot database that allows you to control the initial boot.
CACLS Lists data and modifies access control lists (ACLs) on files.
CALL Calls one batch file from another, and can also pass input arguments.
CD Displays the title or moves to another folder.
CHCP Output or set the encoding.
CHDIR Displays the name or moves to another folder.
CHKDSK Diagnoses the drive for errors.
CHKNTFS Shows or changes drive diagnostics during boot.
CLSO clears the display of all characters.
CMD Launches a Windows command line program. You can run an infinite number of them on one computer. They will work independently of each other.
COLOR Changes and sets the main background of the window and the fonts themselves.
COMP Shows differences and compares the contents of two files.
COMPACT Changes and displays file compression in NTFS.
CONVERT Converts FAT disk volumes to NTFS. The current drive cannot be changed.
COPY Creates a copy of a file or files and places them in the specified location.
DATE Shows or sets the current date.
DEL Destroys one or more files at once.
DIR Shows the names of files and folders with their creation date located in the current folder or specified in the folder settings.
DISKCOMP Compares and shows the differences between 2 floppy drives.
DISKCOPY Copies the contents of one floppy drive to another.
DISKPART Shows and changes the properties of a disk partition.
DOSKEY Modifies and re-invokes command lines; creates macros.
DRIVERQUERY Displays information about the status and attributes of a device driver.
ECHO Outputs text information and changes the display mode of commands on the screen.
ENDLOCAL Ends environment localization for a batch file.
ERASE Destroys a file or files.
EXIT Terminates the command line program
FC Shows the differences between two files or two sets of files and compares them
FIND Searches for a text string in files or in a single file.
FINDSTR Advanced Search text strings in files.
FOR Loop. Repeats execution of the same command a specified number of times
FORMAT Formats the drive for use with Windows.
FSUTIL Shows and sets file system attributes.
FTYPE Allows you to change and view file types, which are mainly used when matching by file name extensions.
GOTO Transfers control to another specified command.
GPRESULT Displays information about group policy for a computer or user.
GRAFTABL Gives Windows feature show extended character set in graphical mode.
HELP Lists all existing Windows commands.
ICACLS Displays, modifies, archives, or restores ACLs for files and folders.
IF Executes commands based on a given condition.
LABEL Creates, modifies, and destroys volume labels for drives.
MD Creates an empty directory.
MKDIR Creates an empty directory.
MKLINK Creates symbolic and hard links
MODE Configures system devices.
MORE Sequentially displays information in blocks the size of one screen.
MOVE Moves files from one location to another.
OPENFILES Shows files that are open on shared folder remote user.
PATH Displays or sets the full path to executable files.
PAUSE Stops execution of command line commands and displays informational text.
POPD Restores the previous active folder value that was saved using the PUSHD command.
PRINT Prints the contents of a text file.
PROMPT Modifies the Windows command prompt.
PUSHD Saves the active folder value and moves to another folder.
RD Destroys the directory.
RECOVER Revives readable data from a bad or damaged hard drive.
REM Places comments in batch files and the CONFIG.SYS file.
REN Changes the name of both files and folders.
RENAME Similar to the REN command.
REPLACE Replaces files.
RMDIR Destroys a directory.
ROBOCOPY Advanced tool for copying files and entire folders
SET Shows, sets, and destroys Windows environment variables.
SETLOCAL Localizes environment changes in a batch file.
SC Allows you to work with services
SCHTASKS Allows you to run any programs and sequentially execute the necessary commands according to a given plan
SHIFT Changes the position (shift) of the substituted parameters for the batch file.
SHUTDOWN Shuts down the computer.
SORT Sorts input according to specified parameters.
START Starts a program or command in a new window.
SUBST Assigns a drive name to the specified path.
SYSTEMINFO Displays information about the operating system and configuration of the computer.
TASKLIST Shows a list of all running processes with their identifiers.
TASKKILL “Kills” or stops the process.
TIME Sets and displays the system time.
TITLE Sets the title of the window for the current session of the command line interpreter CMD.EXE
TREE Displays the drive directories in a convenient visual form.
TYPE Displays the contents of text files.
VER Outputs brief information about the Windows version.
VERIFY Checks for file write errors on the drive.
VOL Displays marks and serial number drive volumes.
XCOPY Creates a copy of files.
WMIC Displays WMI on the command line.

Video Windows Command Line (CMD).Part 1

Let's look at all the options:

Run cmd as administrator using the Win+X key combination;
Call the command line via Windows search 10;
Opening a Windows 10 command prompt shortcut with administrator rights;
Command line execution via Windows Utilities;
Calling the Windows 10 command line through the “Task Manager”;
Open cmd from explorer.

Run cmd as administrator using the Win+X key combination

Press the Win+X key combination and select “Command Prompt (Administrator).”

Calling the command line through Windows 10 search

To call the command line, hover the mouse over the search button, enter “CMD”, right-click - “Run as administrator”.

Opening Windows 10 Command Prompt Shortcut with Administrator Rights

We create a shortcut on the desktop according to the methods described in the article about the usual launch of the command line in Windows 10. Next, right-click and select “Run as administrator.”

Command line execution via Windows Utilities

To execute the command line, open the Start menu - Windows System Tools - Command Prompt, then right button Click "Advanced" - "Run as administrator".

Calling the Windows 10 Command Prompt via Task Manager

To open the command line in the “Task Manager”, open the “File” tab, select “Run a new task”, enter “CMD” in the window that opens, check the “Create a task with administrator rights” checkbox and click the “Ok” button.

Open cmd from Windows Explorer

The advantage of this method is that the path in the “cmd” window that opens will correspond to the path to the folder. Opening the command line from the Explorer menu: “File” - “Open command line” - “Open command line as Administrator”.

The command line, or console, is a special tool for deep customization of the Windows 8 operating system. This utility designed to work with MsDos commands. The lack of a graphical interface often frightens users, but with the help of this program you can quickly perform any operation in the system. Some actions (for example, ping checking or tracing) cannot be done at all in any other way. This article describes in detail how to call the console, and also describes the basics of working with it.

Run Dialog Box

The simplest and quick way open the command line using the “Run” dialog. This is another utility with a text interface that is designed to quickly launch programs in Windows by entering their names. There is nothing complicated in working with the dialogue, just follow the instructions provided:

Press the "Win" and "R" buttons on your keyboard at the same time. Using this key combination you can quickly bring up the Run dialog.
In the text field of the window that opens, you must enter the command “cmd” without quotes.
Press Enter or the “Ok” button to confirm the command entry and open the console.

If you are using operating system version 8.1, at the bottom of the screen you will have a Start menu button, as in the “seventh” part. This menu contains a search bar, the functions of which are similar to the dialog described above. Use it if you find the hotkeys inconvenient.

Open as administrator

Some actions that may affect the operation of the operating system can only be performed with Windows administrator rights. To do this, you need to open the console in another way:

Basics

All actions in the console are performed using text commands. To see a list of them and get help, type “Help” and press Enter. The utility will show you a list of various features that are available to the user. If you want more detailed information about any of them, type "help command_name".

CMD Windows command line. The need to use the command line

The cmd line, which is a standard tool on the Windows platform, is no different in different versions of operating systems - the seventh, the eighth, the tenth, and even XP. And all teams work the same way in each of them.

The disadvantages of the interface are:

manual command entry from the keyboard;
the need to run CMD as an administrator (most commands will not run otherwise);
a fairly large list of commands that are difficult to remember.

Externally, the command line is largely reminiscent of the DOS system interface. And, although it allows you to solve many more problems, some commands are the same as the outdated platform. For example, “format”, “cd” and “dir”, necessary for working with folders and drives.

Most Windows users know that the operating system gained its popularity thanks to its graphical interface, which, at the time the first version appeared, was a real revolution. Today it is no longer possible to imagine a computer, and even more so a tablet or smartphone, without beautiful graphics, buttons and windows in which applications are launched and worked with.

To work with the command line, use special words or phrases - commands.

Did you know that you can turn off or restart your computer without pressing any buttons, and how to instantly display the startup list? If not, then this material will be very useful.

Today, the most popular versions of Windows are 7, 8 and 10, and each of them has the ability to use the command line. The command line is a separate subroutine that makes it possible to execute any MS DOS command without using a graphical interface.

You can use the Windows command line to quickly complete the required task. It’s easier to enter a few letters of the name and call the desired program or master, rather than spend a long time searching for them through the graphical menu. In some cases, it is almost impossible to do without it.

This is infection with computer viruses that block GUI and do not allow you to perform any actions. These include common cases of blocking a computer with a requirement to transfer a certain amount to the attackers’ account. Knowing how to call CMD and what to enter in it, it will take a few minutes to cope with them.

Another case is damage system files or parts of a hard drive. In this case, it is the commands in CMD that will help you copy important data.

How to start Windows Command Prompt

Since the command line is a program, it must be launched to start working. You can do this in the following ways:

Basic Command Line Commands

The phrase command line command is actually not entirely correct. Since this is a separate subroutine, you can enter any supported commands in it. Full list CMD commands with a brief description are very easy to view. To do this, just type help and press the “enter” key.

ATTENTION. It makes no difference whether you are using Windows 10 or the old XP - the commands are absolutely identical.

Knowing just a few basic commands, you can perform all the basic actions, for example, restart your computer or, perform any actions with files, and much more.

Here are just a few of them:

chdir – Change the current directory to another
copy – Copy files or directories
del – Delete files and directories
dir – Get a list of files in the current directory
shutdown /s – Shutdown command
shutdown /r – Reboot command on the command line
systeminfo – Allows you to find out complete information about the operating system and computer

Commands and executables

A distinction should be made between commands and calling executable files. The former carry out certain actions, and the latter launch third party programs. Very often, if there are problems with the Internet, the provider’s technical support tells you to open a command line and enter the ping command and the address of the site or server.

So, ping is not a line command, but a separate utility. You can call it without an extension and path only because the ping.exe executable file is located in the system folder by default. To launch programs from other directories, you will first have to change the path to them.

Startup command on command line

As in the example above, there are no commands on the command line that would allow you to view and edit the startup list. However, the msconfig utility is called via CMD, which allows you to do this. You need to check startup periodically and disable programs you don’t need, as well as suspicious ones that look like viruses. When a computer is infected, virus files are downloaded from malicious sites and are activated after the system is rebooted. Usually an antivirus catches such things, but you shouldn’t rely on it completely.

In the window that appears, you can control not only programs, but also services that run on your computer; problems are often hidden in them. By turning off everything unnecessary, you will significantly increase the speed of your computer.

The need to restart your computer occurs quite often.

Most often this is:

frozen operating system;
frozen program;
slowdown of the system;
Slow internet.

IMPORTANT. Sometimes it's easier to restart your computer through the command line than through the Start button, which may not be accessible.

The shutdown command is used for this. It must be used with launch parameters that give a lot additional features. Without them, a help message will simply be displayed in which you can see everything possible options launch.

/s – Shutdown

/a – Stop shutdown

/f – Force termination of applications

/t+time in milliseconds – Delay shutdown

You can also control shutdown and reboot of computers remotely, which, by the way, is used not only for good purposes, for example, when working remotely, but also by hackers to launch malware.

Command Prompt Features in Windows 10

Windows 10 has a small but very useful improvement. Now in CMD you can use the commands for selecting, copying and pasting text (keys CTRL + A, C, V, respectively).

Conclusion

Even if you do not consider yourself an advanced computer user, it is necessary to understand what the command line is and what commands you can use in it. This will allow you to work with your computer much more confidently and save a lot of time. Over time, you will become so accustomed to using it that you will do it automatically.

Today we will talk about the command line, namely the commands that will be useful to use. The command line interface itself, as we know, is not very pleasing to the eye, however, with its help we can use the most necessary commands that do not have a graphical shell. So, command line commands. By the way, instead of the standard Windows console you can use a more functional one.

Driverquery

This utility allows you to solve some problems with . Many users, in order to find out any information about drivers, use third party applications, in this case it is not necessary to do this and you can use the built-in utility.

To run this program you need to enter the command:

Disk check - CHKDSK

As is already clear from the name of the item, the command line utility allows you to fix file system errors on your hard drive.

To run the utility, you need to type the command on the command line:

chkdsk C:/F / R

WITH:– this is the drive letter that will be checked.

/F– a function that activates checking the disk for errors.

/R– searches for bad sectors.

IPConfig

This utility allows users to find out the IP address of their computers and information about TCP/IP connections, as well as network adapters, modems, etc.

Also, with some additional features, you can use this command to clear the DNS cache and update the IP addresses for some devices, such as the network adapter.

To run the IPCONFIG utility, you need to enter the command on the command line:

To clear the DNS cache you need to enter this command:

Like these ones basic commands exist on the Windows command line. Naturally, they are not the only ones and there are quite a lot of them. We already have an article that lists almost all the commands and a brief description of them. That's all. Also read about. Suddenly it will be interesting.