Forgot the password on the iPhone meizu 0560. Unlocking Meizu if you forgot your password. Probability of successful unlocking

Some MEIZU smartphone users are faced with a problem where they have registered a FLYME account on their MEIZU smartphone, but have forgotten the password when trying to unlock the device. Today I will tell you how you can recover your FLYME password.

MEIZU smartphones are becoming more and more popular in Russia, and I think many will find this article useful on how to recover the password to your FLYME account. I’ll write about my own shell for Android called FLYME for MEIZU smartphones another time, there’s also a lot of interesting stuff there. Including about its unusual and very useful features, for example, how to find a lost smartphone using FLYME.

The FLYME account will help users protect and save their data, and, if necessary, find their device. But what if you forgot your FLYME password, accidentally locked your device and now you can’t use it until you remember the password? In fact, there are several ways to recover your password.

The key parameter when registering a FLYME account is filling out the third line of the form - “Mail Security”. This is exactly how the name of the line where you need to enter the backup address is incomprehensibly translated mailbox, to which, if something happens, you can recover your FLYME account password. I recommend entering an active and valid email address in this field.

In general, there are two ways to recover a forgotten FLYME password. The first, which we will consider below, is suitable both for owners of MEIZU smartphones officially sold in Russia, and for those who ordered a version of the smartphone for the Chinese market. The second method, in case the first did not work (for example, you don’t remember which email you specified as a backup), will only save those who bought the smartphone officially in Russia. It works through a remote call to the MEIZU RUSSIA service center. Does not work for versions of smartphones intended for the Chinese domestic market. How to contact support and what you will need for this is described in the official MEIZU RUSSIA forum. It is worth noting that this recovery method is quite lengthy and may take several weeks. But restoring a password to a backup email will usually take no more than half an hour, and more often - only a couple of minutes.

So, if you have forgotten your FLYME password, you need to go to cloud.flyme.cn. Website - on Chinese, alas, it has not even been translated into English at the time of writing. If you have Google browser Chrome, I recommend downloading and installing the extension " Google Translate", with its help you can quite correctly and clearly translate the Chinese website interface into Russian in 1 click: . Below I will post screenshots of the site with translation, if anything - you can navigate which buttons to press :) All pictures are clickable!

Click the Password Recovery button located on the right under the login and password entry form.

We find ourselves in the password recovery interface, where the system asks us to indicate the FLYME login (your email for the account looks like [email protected], where sample is the login you came up with, the entire email address must be written in the input field). There you also need to correctly and accurately enter the CAPTCHA, symbols that check whether you are a robot.

We enter the login into FLYME and the captcha, press the big blue button, we get to the second step, where the system will notify us that password recovery will occur through a backup email (for the Chinese, recovery to a Chinese phone number would also be available, but for us this is not relevant) . We press the button.

In the third step, you need to enter your backup email address in the top line. The system will not remind you of it; you need to know it yourself. But it will check whether your intended email address is in the database (if not, a red message will appear after entering). After entering your backup email address, you need to click the “Get code” button.

If everything is entered correctly, a pop-up window will appear informing you that an email with an activation code has been sent to your mailbox and should arrive in the next 30 minutes.

I’ll add on my own behalf that sometimes the servers are overloaded and a letter with a code can arrive in 1 minute or in 30 minutes, sometimes the mail does not arrive for several hours. Check your backup mailbox, be sure to look at the SPAM folder, sometimes the letter ends up there. If the letter has not arrived for a long time (a couple of hours), you can request that the code be resent.

In the letter, the code is in the middle line - several numbers. Your account in the FLYME system will be indicated at the top.

Having received the letter, enter it in the second line and press the big blue button.

In the next window you will be prompted to enter and re-enter a new password. The password must be a minimum of 8 and a maximum of 16 characters and contain letters and numbers (both), and the password is case sensitive (capital or regular letters).

After entering and repeating the new password, press the left blue button (reset password).

The next page will inform you in Chinese that the password change was successful and the password has already taken effect. The new password must also be entered on your device.

I hope this article will help many users!

Important addition. In the FLYME 5 update, MEIZU has temporarily disabled FLYME accounts due to the transfer of servers from China to European countries, including Russia, as required by local legislation. During a large-scale transfer, the FLYME servers may be unstable, which is why the service was temporarily excluded in FLYME 5, but continues to work in FLYME 4, but can sometimes generate errors. MEIZU promises to complete the server move in the first half of 2016, after which FLYME 5 will be released for devices in the next updates cloud service will appear again in smartphones.

Forgot the password for your Meizu or bought a smartphone secondhand and just don’t know it? This review will help you cope with blocking by everyone accessible ways. More precisely, the article contains a description of all methods; you can choose the most suitable option for your problem. Just follow step by step guide, which is presented below and you will cope with the task yourself, without the help of service center specialists.

How to unlock it yourselfFlyme accountMeizu

Flyme account is an exclusive repository of information from Meizu, which, in addition to everything, allows the owner to find a lost gadget. I advise every owner to become the owner of such useful functionality; this will ensure the safety of all your files. If you have forgotten your Flyme password, you can recover it, or rather, create a new one and gain access to your personal account.

If you don’t remember your account details and the password has been hopelessly lost, contact the official Meizu service center, experienced technicians will restore access in a matter of minutes.

What should be done?

  • If during registration you specified a non-existent address Email, then this information will not help you. Otherwise, you can recover your password using the mailbox.
  • We go to the official website of the program https://login.flyme.cn, and in the field for entering personal data, click on the “recover password” button. Please note that the site is entirely in Chinese, so please use one of the translators.
  • You will be transferred to the account recovery window, enter your registration data here, if of course you remember them.
  • A message about changing your password will be sent to email and by clicking on the link you can set new data.

Locks at the software level

A similar block on a smartphone can be installed by the provider cellular communication, so that you cannot use the Meizu smartphone with a SIM card from another company. The problem can be solved by resetting completely to factory settings. To avoid spoiling anything in your smartphone’s OS, submit a service request at an authorized service center.

Take the meiza in your hand and activate it. When the device turns on, press the volume up, that is, +, and on/off. Hold the buttons for a few seconds until you enter service settings. Click here factory reset wipe data, and then ees delete all user data. Moving into the menu occurs using the same volume, down - volume minus, up - volume plus. You can select an item by briefly pressing the power button.

Now all your smartphone settings have been reset and you can reconfigure it as you please.

Some Meizu phone users may need to reset the phone to factory settings. The latter can be caused by many reasons, from the desire to sell a “clean” phone without any user data on it, to the presence of various dysfunctions on the phone that the user is trying to get rid of. After I bought the Meizu phone, I managed to reset Meizu to factory settings and in the article I will share my notes.

Under what circumstances is it necessary to roll back your smartphone settings?

The user may need to hard reset “Meizu” under the following circumstances:


Ways to reset Meizu phone to factory settings

Let's look at various options for resetting Meizu to factory settings. Please also take into account that the specifics of such a reset may differ depending on a particular model of Meizu M3, M5 phones (the specifics of performing a hard reset for each Meizu model can be found on the website hardreset.info).

Method 1: Use your phone's settings menu

To reset Meizu to factory settings, do the following:

  1. Go to your phone's settings;
  2. Find the “About phone” option on the left and tap on it;
  3. Select "Memory";
  4. Click on “Reset settings” (“Delete data”);
  5. Check the “Reset to factory settings” option (if you also want to delete all user data, also select the “Clear memory” option);
  6. Click on “Start cleaning” and wait for the process to complete.

All user files after of this reset Usually they are removed, and you will receive a “clean” phone, as it was when you purchased it.

A similar way to work with phone settings is to go to “Settings” - “About phone” - Storage - “Return to factory settings” ( Factory data reset). In the menu that opens, select the first item “Factory data reset", and then click on "Start reset".

Method 2: Use Phone Recovery Mode

The second option for returning to factory settings is to use the recovery mode built into the phone's functionality.

Do the following on your Meizu device:

  1. Turn off your smartphone and wait a few seconds;
  2. Hold down the Volume Up and Power buttons on your phone and wait until “Meizu” appears on the screen, then release the buttons;
  3. The phone will boot, after which you will see two options (“System upgrade” and “Clear data”);
  4. Leave the checkbox only on “Clear data” and then click on “Start” at the bottom;
  5. Wait for the cleaning procedure to complete.

If the phone requires a password when resetting settings

If your gadget, when trying to return to factory settings, asks you for a password, and you don’t remember it, then I recommend entering the wrong password 15 times in a row (usually five attempts, three times each). After which your Meizu will require a password for your Flyme account. Enter the provided password and your phone will be reset to factory settings.

If necessary, enter your password for “Flyme”

If you do not have a password for your Flyme account (and there is no way to find it out from the previous owner), then you should consider installing it on your device new firmware(I recommend searching for information on relevant technical forums).

Conclusion

If the classic methods of setting default settings described in this material turned out to be ineffective, I recommend going to the website hardreset.info and looking for an algorithm for resetting the settings individually for your Meizu model.

In this user manual we will look at the most basic questions regarding Chinese smartphones Meizu and the answers to them, and we will also tell you how to set up literally everything on your Meizu phone and how to use it to the maximum. The guide will be useful to owners of all Meizu devices: M3/X/E/S/Max, M5/M5S/Note, MX6 and Pro 6/6S Plus.

How to check the authenticity of a Meizu phone

To check the origin of your Meizu smartphone, you need to follow this link http://service.meizu.com/product to the company's official website. In the right corner there will be a shortcut to login to your Flyme account, log into your account and follow further instructions in the service.

There are also many services on the Internet IMEI checks smartphone, but alas, they do not determine whether your phone is original or not. These services simply show whether the smartphone is certified in your country.

You can also use the AnTuTu application to check the originality - just run a benchmark and compare the characteristics of your smartphone with those declared by the manufacturer.

How to install Google Play Market on the Chinese version of a smartphone

If you buy Meizu products in Chinese stores, there is a chance to get a Chinese version without localization. They are practically no different from the global one, except for the lack of a store Google applications Play. Along with it, there is a pre-installed own store content from Meizu. to install Google services and app store, follow these instructions:

  • swipe down to open the notification shade
  • click on the Wi-Fi icon and connect to the network
  • open the Meizu AppCenter store
  • Type “Google Installer” into the search bar
  • The icon of this application consists of 4 multi-colored squares and the letter “G”
  • click Install
  • After installation, open the application and run the installation
  • After installation is complete, find it on your desktop Google screen Play
  • Google settings and services have been successfully installed on your phone

How to enter the Meizu engineering menu

To get into engineering menu on Meizu smartphone, just enter the following command code in the preinstalled “Phone” application *#*#3646633#*#* . That's all, after that you will be taken to the service menu.

How to turn on, turn off and restart your Meizu phone

To activate the Meizu smartphone, simply hold down the power key for a couple of seconds; it is usually located on the side edge next to the volume rocker. After the company logo (Flyme OS) lights up on the screen, release the key.

What to do if your smartphone does not turn on? Try connecting it via the included charger to the network and try activating it after a couple of minutes. If after this it does not turn on, perhaps your smartphone is not working.

To turn off or restart the device, simply hold down the power key and select the appropriate item in the menu that appears: shutdown or restart.

How to unlock Meizu if you forgot your password

It often happens that when setting up a new Meizu smartphone, you forget set password, pattern keys or PIN code. To regain access to your smartphone, you need to reset your password. How to do this - this step-by-step instruction will tell you:

  • turn on your smartphone
  • In the password field, enter the last code you remember
  • repeat the ride 15 times
  • After this the password recovery menu will appear
  • enter your Flyme account password
  • Set a new password in the recovery menu
  • this is all

This is the most effective way to reset your Flyme password, but to do this you need to know the login and password for your account on your smartphone. Another method that sometimes works is complete hard reset How to do this is described later in this article.

How to do a Hard Reset on Meizu

To perform a full hard reset on Meizu brand smartphones, just follow these steps:

  • hold down the lock key until the smartphone turns off completely
  • after the phone goes off, press the lock key and volume up at the same time
  • In the recovery menu that opens, select “Clear data”
  • and press the right "Start" key

Hard Reset in some cases, it helps to reset the password on your smartphone; how else can you reset it?

How to find a lost Meizu smartphone via Flyme

Meizu devices have a smartphone search built into the Flyme firmware in case of loss or theft. To do this, your device must have your Account. Follow this link to the Meizu website http://finder.flyme.cn/browser/index.jsp, log into your Flyme account and follow the instructions to find your device.

By the way, here you can click on the lock icon and remotely lock your smartphone. As soon as it connects to the Internet, the attacker will receive a blocking notification and will not be able to access your personal data.

How to take a screenshot on any Meizu

Everything is simple here, taking a screenshot is as easy as on any other Android smartphone. To do this, simply hold down the power key and volume down (on some models up) at the same time and find a screenshot in the gallery.

How to open task manager on Meizu

To open the task manager on a Meizu smartphone, just swipe up from the bottom of the screen - swipe up gesture. If everything is done correctly, you will see a manager of all running applications for further work with them.

How to close all running applications

This instruction is suitable for all Meizu M3 Note, U10/20, etc. phones that run on firmware. To check/close all open applications, you need to launch the task manager (swipe from the bottom of the screen or touch the touch key from bottom to top), and then click on the cross icon. All running applications will be knocked out of the device’s memory and closed. Please note that if the application is locked (Lock function in Flyme 6), then it will not close. To do this, swipe down on it and turn off the lock.

How to launch multi-window mode on Meizu

To begin with, it is worth saying that Meizu devices Not all applications support windowed mode. So be careful and don't be alarmed if some of your apps don't want to run in split-screen mode.

To enable multi-window mode, run two required applications and drag one of them to the top of the display until it snaps into the window. Then, click on the second application and it will open in windowed mode immediately below the first.

How to update Meizu firmware

To check if there is a firmware update for your smartphone, go to the built-in Updater app and check if there is a ROM available for download. If so, connect to Wi-Fi and download the firmware, make sure your smartphone is at least 30-50% charged and start installing the update. Before updating, we recommend backing up important data to the Google cloud or Flyme Cloud.

How to enable T9 on Meizu keyboard

If you are using a stock TouchPal keyboard, then go to Settings > Keyboard > TouchPal > Smart English and check the first item “Curve - entering words with a stroke” (this is the translation of the firmware) to activate T9 and uncheck the box to disable T9 on your Meizu smartphone.

How to remove keyboard vibration

For a pre-installed keyboard, follow the following chain: Settings > Keyboard > TouchPal > General settings> Vibration of keystrokes and turn off the vibration sensor and keyboard vibration response. For third-party keyboards, like Gboard, the settings are individual.

How to set your own ringtone to a contact

In Meizu smartphones, you can assign each contact your own ringtone. To do this, go to contacts and click on “Add field”. Scroll the menu that appears to the very end and click on “Ringtone”. In this menu, you can set a standard ringtone for a contact, or third-party downloaded music from your player.

How to connect Meizu to a computer

If you have an original smartphone and a whole USB cable, then there should be no connection problems. The device can be connected as a flash drive with files, or as a digital camera for transferring photos.

What to do if Meizu does not connect to the computer? Check functionality USB port and the phone and PC - whether it is charged from the computer. Try connecting your phone via a different cable and into a different USB port. If your computer does not see your smartphone, it may be damaged.

How to transfer and configure contacts to Meizu

To do this, you can use one of two convenient ways. You will need a Flyme or Google account. First, sync contacts on your old smartphone with Google cloud or Meizu Cloud. Then, on your new device, sign in to your account and sync your data. This way, the contacts will automatically appear on your new smartphone. Method using Google account also suitable for moving numbers from iPhone to Meizu.

How to create a folder on the Meizu home screen for applications

To create a folder for your applications, you can simply drag one program onto another and hold it there for a while until the container is created. By tapping on the name of the folder at the top, you can rename it; for convenience, you can even add special characters and emoticons.

How to increase the volume in headphones and make your smartphone louder

Attention, this method works for Meizu smartphones based on MediaTek processors. In the stock Phone application, enter the following code *#*#3646633#*#* . In the HARDWARE TESTING menu that appears, find the AUDIO > Headset Mode tab and in the lower limit Max.Vol 0~160, set the maximum value to 160 and save. Do the same in the Headset_LoudSpeaker Mode menu. Now your smartphone will sound louder, both in headphones and through the main speaker.

How to backup data in Meizu

To backup important data on your Meizu smartphone, go to Settings > About phone > Storage > Backup. Here you can choose which data and files to save in backup copy, the required ones should be ticked. The backup is saved and available at the following address in file manager- Disk/Backup. Before completely resetting your smartphone, we recommend saving a copy of the device to an external drive.

How to put a photo on a Meizu contact

Flyme allows you to put images on call contacts in HD resolution. To set a contact photo, click on the desired contact, then on the “…” icon at the bottom of the screen, then on the photo icon and set the desired photo or picture from your gallery.

How to connect wireless headphones

For example, let's take the Meizu EP51 headset, activate Bluetooth on your smartphone and search compatible devices. In the window that appears, select EP51 and synchronize. That's all, the headphones are ready for use. The instructions are also suitable for others wireless headphones and Bluetooth headsets.

How to unlink a Flyme account from a Meizu smartphone

If, for example, you are going to sell or give your phone to someone, you should first unlink your Flyme OS account from it. To do this, simply log out of this device, and then do a full data reset (Hard Reset). How to do this is described above.

How to distribute the Internet via Wi-Fi from a Meizu phone

To use your Meizu smartphone as a modem and distribute the Internet via Wi-Fi to another device, open the quick settings curtain and click on the “Access Point” shortcut. In the menu that opens, set up Wi-Fi access and password and start distributing the Internet.

These were the most common questions and answers regarding Meizu smartphones and Flyme OS firmware. If you have additional questions, feel free to ask them in the comments.

Digital or graphic code is able to reliably protect your smartphone from intruders. Third parties will not be able to access your data if they do not know your password. But there are often cases when the user himself forgets the password and cannot use his device. In this article we will tell you in detail how to unlock Meizu phone if you forgot your password.

Probability of successful unlocking

Unlocking a smartphone may not always be successful, but first you should use several methods. So, first, let's find out how to remove graphic password:

  • Using a Google or Flyme account;
  • With use special program SMS Bypass;
  • Using the ADB Run debug bridge;
  • Perform “Hard Reset”;
  • Reflash the device;
  • Contact support on the official website.

The first 4 methods were personally tested on the Meizu M3 Note smartphone.

Method No. 1: If you forgot the password for the smartphone itself

This option involves resetting your password through your Google or Flyme accounts. Let's look at how to remove the code one by one.

Using a Google Account

Every modern smartphone on Android it binds to . Having an account is required for further use of the phone. The account can also help unlock the device if the password is forgotten. This method is quite simple and will not cause difficulties even for beginners.

When the display is locked, you must enter the wrong password five times, after which the message “Forgot your password?” will appear. By clicking on it, the device will prompt you to enter your Gmail email address and Google account password. After logging in, a window will appear where you need to come up with a new password, and it is best to write it down in a safe place.

It should be remembered that this method can only be used if Internet is turned on on the phone.

What to do if the Internet is not turned on

  • Try installing a SIM card with an Internet connection;
  • Reboot your device. As soon as the smartphone boots up, a screen without a lock will appear for a few seconds; you need to have time to pull the curtain down and press the Internet button.

Using your Flyme account

If you have forgotten your screen lock password, you can try to access your smartphone through. All devices have this proprietary shell, which allows you to easily link your phone to various services.

To unlock your phone via Flyme, you will need to follow the same steps as with Google.

  • Enter the wrong password 5 times;
  • Click on the “Forgot your password?” button;
  • A window will open where you need to enter your username and password for your Flyme account.

If the key is entered correctly, the device will unlock. You will need to come up with a new strong password or completely abandon this method of protection.

Method No. 2: How to unlock a Meizu phone if you forgot your password using the SMS Bypass application via PC


Despite the convenience of using virtual services, many users still neglect them. Therefore, if you belong to this category of users, this option will most likely help you. Let us note right away that the method will only work if if the function is activated on the smartphone« ».

Before you can use the SMS Bypass application, you will have to install it on your smartphone. It is impossible to do this in the usual way, since the screen is locked. Therefore, you will have to use the “InstallAPK” program. With its help you can install any application on your Meizu smartphone via your computer..

You need to do the following:

  • Download archives with the InstallAPK.exe program and the SMS Bypass application (links above) and unzip them;
  • We install the program on the computer. After installation, you need to run it;
  • The smartphone must be connected to the PC via a USB cable;
  • A settings window will open where you need to select a connection method. This could be USB or Wi-Fi;
  • At this stage, you need to start installing the SMSBypass.apk application.

After installation is complete, you must send it to a blockedMeizu message with the text " 1234 reset". The smartphone will reboot, and after that, you can enter absolutely any password, the device will consider it correct.

This method will only help if the phone is allowed to install third party applications not from Google Play, and USB debugging is activated.

Method number 3: Remove the screen lock password using the ADB Run debug bridge (MediaTek)


The method is suitable for those users whose smartphones are prohibited from installing programs from third-party sources, but USB debugging is enabled. Therefore, if you have forgotten the graphic password for Meizu, you can follow these steps.

  1. You need to download drivers for your smartphone to your computer (can be found on w3bsit3-dns.com).
  2. Connect the disconnected smartphone to the PC via USB.
  3. On your computer, in the “Device Manager”, select the “View” tab and check the box next to “Show hidden devices”.
  4. In the “Other Devices” tab, you need to open the properties of the smartphone that is connected to the PC and click on the “Update” button.
  5. Select the “Search on this computer” tab, indicating the path to the drivers for the phone. They must first be unzipped.

If all the above steps are completed successfully, you can proceed to the next step.

Now you need to directly reset the password on Meizu M5s or another smartphone model.

  1. Meise connected to the computer must be turned on without disconnecting it.
  2. Download the ADB Run debug bridge (https://4pda.ru/forum/index.php?showtopic=437824) and then run it.
  3. The program interface is simple, it more closely resembles standard version notepad on Windows. In the window that opens, in the “Input” line you need to enter the number 6. This action allows you to activate the “Unlock Gesture Key” function.
  4. At this stage, the application will ask you to choose four different methods that will allow you to remove the lock code. To remove the pattern, you must use the first or second method. For complete removal password you need to use the third method. If your phone has Root rights, you can remove the password using the fourth method.

You can remove the lock using ADB Run on older Meizu models that run on mobile chipset from MediaTek.

Recently, the manufacturer Meizu has been preferring processors from Qualcomm Snapdragon for its flagship devices. Therefore, if you have forgotten the password for the smartphone on this chip, this unlocking method will not help.

Method No. 4: Full reset to factory settings (Hard Reset)


This is the most extreme method, and it should be used only if other options are not suitable. Hard Reset is, therefore, using it, all information from the device will be permanently deleted. You will have to re-download the necessary applications, upload personal information, etc. Unfortunately, it will not be possible to recover photos, messages, phone numbers and other information. If you have periodically system backup, some data may be recoverable.

To perform a hard reboot you will need:

  • Turn off your smartphone.
  • Press and hold the Power and Volume Up keys at the same time.
  • After this, the “Recovery” menu will open, where you need to select “Clear Data” and “Start”. The volume rocker allows you to move from one item to another, and the “Power” key selects the desired menu.

After completing the steps it will startHardReset, the smartphone will reboot and return to the state of the new phone. A factory reset works flawlessly to remove the screen password, but it also loses all data.

Method No. 5: If you do not have access to Flyme and Google accounts, flash your smartphone


When no method brings the desired result, and the smartphone is not linked to any account, you can try to reflash Meizu. This method may be difficult for some users, but following the instructions you can complete all the steps without any problems . If you still have doubts, it is better to contact the service center.

For flashing you will need:

There are many freely available firmware options on the Internet (in particular on w3bsit3-dns.com), so there shouldn’t be any problems with downloading.

Installation should only be done via Recovery.

  1. The new firmware version must be installed without “clear data”, since this item is not available due to the graphical code.
  2. The old version of the firmware is also flashed without clear data. No need to download operating system, and immediately after the logo appears on the screen go to Recovery menu.
  3. You can also try installing any firmware of your choice. You can try with “Clear Data”, in some cases this method works.

It’s impossible to say with certainty, it will help this option or not, but if you want to bring your smartphone back to life, you can use it.

Method number 6: Through the official website

You can try to recover a forgotten Flyme password on Meizu by asking for help on the manufacturer’s official website. To do this, you must leave your appeal and description of the problem in a special thread dedicated to this topic on the official forum.

You should know that company website in Chinese, so you need to install Google's advanced translator in advance, which does a good job of translation.

Video instruction: another method on M3s

It is forbidden! If you have forgotten your screen lock pattern password and want to recover it via Flyme, you must enter the linked e-mail. By this action you prove that you are the owner of the phone.

Now you know that recovering a forgotten password on a smartphone from the Meizu company is not so difficult. All the methods listed in the article do not provide a complete guarantee. that your device will be successfully unlocked. It all depends on specific model. But before you despair, you should use these methods.