Personal computer manufacturer. Nix - the best domestic computers in Russia

“Russian-assembled computer” - this phrase can be heard more and more often in computer showrooms or markets computer equipment. The number of Russian companies engaged in computer assembly, is quite large, and it is unlikely that anyone will be able to even approximately name their number. Among these companies there are many small ones with 5-10 people on staff, and giants that are rightfully considered brands of the Russian computer market.

Of course, it is pointless to compare large companies with small ones - both in terms of production volume and the quality of the service provided. It would seem, what, exactly, is the difference between a computer with the logo of some well-known company and a computer made within one or two hours somewhere in the back room of the Savelovsky market or simply home-assembled? Indeed, the components are the same, and the assembly process itself is quite simple: plug the processor and memory into the motherboard, connect the hard drive and CD-ROM, push it all into the case - and that seems to be it. But this is a superficial view, or rather, an amateur’s view.

Naturally, among our readers there are specialists who can independently and at a high professional level assemble their own computer from individual components, which will be no worse than an industrially assembled device. And if necessary, they are able to find any problem and fix it themselves, even if they have to arm themselves with a soldering iron and an oscilloscope. But there are not so many such professionals. But what about ordinary users?

Assembling a computer from separate components is indeed not difficult, but setting it up correctly, finding hidden defects and making it work correctly is not something everyone can do. And can you be sure that such a computer works exactly as it should? And the constant and completely incomprehensible freezing of the computer - isn’t this a by-product of such unprofessionalism? So what is the difference between artisanal and professional computer assembly in a production environment? Where and how are the company’s technological capabilities and the professionalism of its employees demonstrated? Creating a computer begins with designing its model. A serious company has a lineup of dozens of models desktop computers, significantly different in parameters, functionality, and recommended scope of application. Design is the most important and responsible stage, consisting in the selection of components, the range of which is very diverse today. The choice of specific components, as well as their suppliers, largely determines the final consumer qualities of the future computer - performance, reliability and cost.

The balance of the PC depends on the choice of individual components. To achieve a balanced system, all computer components need to work together in the best possible way. Compatibility of components is one of these problems, the successful solution of which is ensured only by the vast experience and high professional level of technical specialists. Despite the fact that all component manufacturers declare this characteristic of their products, practice shows that they do not always solve this problem.

Large companies specializing in computer assembly can afford to have not only a technical department, but also test laboratories, which are engaged in the precise selection of computer components depending on their positioning and cost, as well as checking their hardware compatibility with each other.

In addition, manufacturing companies have access to technical information, inaccessible to mere mortals and primarily concerning compatibility between various components and methods for achieving it.

After the PC model is designed, the turn comes to incoming inspection, which makes it possible to identify both individual components and entire batches that do not meet either the declared parameters or reliability requirements. It should be noted that, despite the highest technological level of production of leading component manufacturers, cases of components being rejected at the incoming inspection stage are by no means rare. According to unofficial data, the party motherboards it is considered high quality if the percentage of defects is 10%, that is, every tenth board has a defect (now think about what boards come to the computer markets from “gray” dealers!).

You should also keep in mind that large companies that assemble computers order the necessary components either directly or from reputable dealers of manufacturing companies. In this case, the possibility of supplying counterfeit and, accordingly, obviously low-quality components, which are a dime a dozen in our computer markets, is excluded. Naturally, when purchasing components at retail at your own peril and risk, even an experienced user may well stumble upon an ordinary fake or defect.

After all components have passed quality control, the assembly stage begins. But even after assembly, the computer does not go on sale: the next stage is quality control of the finished product. It is gratifying that domestic computer manufacturing companies take this control seriously. Thus, many companies do not just check the performance of a computer by turning it on for five minutes, but test it for a day or two in stress mode, that is, various applications are emulated on the computer, and such tests are carried out in special thermal chambers at elevated temperatures. Only if the computer has passed the test in such a “steam room” is it considered fit for use.

It is also important, especially for inexperienced users, to have technical support from the manufacturer and the possibility of free warranty repairs.

So, to summarize the above, we can conclude that a modern computer is a structurally complex product that requires a professional approach at all stages - from the selection of components to the final testing of the finished product. That is why, especially if you have no experience working with hardware, it is worth purchasing a computer from large companies whose logo is a guarantor of the quality of their product. We will talk about some of these companies in our article. In addition, based on the long-term cooperation of the ComputerPress testing laboratory with these companies, we can responsibly declare that the products of these companies deserve the highest rating.

Aquarius company

The Aquarius production company is part of the Aquarius group of companies, founded in 1989. Aquarius became the first non-governmental organization in Russia to open its own factory production personal computers. Currently, one of the main activities of the company is the development and production of personal computers and servers under its own brands.

Today Aquarius produces various computer equipment, including universal office computers, professional workstations, high-end computers, specialized computers (with built-in information security features, in special cases, etc.) and servers.

Computer equipment manufactured under the Aquarius brand is assembled from components from leading hardware manufacturers. Before entering assembly, components undergo a preliminary check - functional testing. The manufacturing process of each computer is documented in a special accompanying coupon. Upon completion of assembly, the computers are sent for preliminary testing, and then for 24-hour tests in a thermal chamber (servers are tested for 72 hours).

Aquarius computers and servers have a full set of mandatory state certificates (including certificates of conformity for Aquarius PCs and servers, hygienic certificates for PCs and servers, a certificate from the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Communications and Information for AquaServer servers). If necessary, special studies and inspections are carried out, as well as military acceptance of manufactured equipment. The quality system for the design, development and production of Aquarius computer equipment is certified for compliance with international quality certificates ISO 9002 and ISO 9001.

The company has its own production facilities in Shuya (Ivanovo region) and in Moscow. The Shuya Aquarius plant, with a design capacity of 120 thousand personal computers per year, was put into operation in August 1990.

Last summer, a second production facility was opened in Moscow, on the territory of the Voskhod Research Institute. The new workshop with a design capacity of 36 thousand computers per year, unlike the Shuisky plant, is designed to produce products in small batches. At the new Aquarius production facility, a fundamentally new thermal chamber heating system is used - based on infrared (IR) heaters, which prevents dust from settling on the tested PCs.

Warranty and post-warranty service of products is carried out by about 40 authorized service centers of the company, which serve any user of Aquarius equipment who asks for help. In addition to warranty and post-warranty service, service centers provide comprehensive services for the modernization of computer equipment.

Valga company

Valga company was founded in 1995. The main direction of its activity is the production of computers and servers under its own MicroFT brand. The range of computers includes a wide range of equipment - from workstations for office work to high-tech machines for processing complex graphics and multiprocessor servers.

A certified service center carries out repairs, modernization and maintenance of computer equipment. MicroFT computers and servers manufactured by Valga are tested by highly qualified service center engineers, which allows the equipment to be guaranteed for up to four years with specialists visiting the installation site.

The corporate sales department carries out implementation not only standard solutions, but also the latest technologies and equipment samples. At the decision-making stage, Valga provides computer equipment for testing.

For the convenience of customers, the Valga company sells its equipment through a network of retail stores, an online store and a corporate sales department.

VIST Computer Company

The VIST Computer company produces and markets a wide range of advanced computer systems under its own brand. VIST Computer has its own production base in Moscow, equipped with high-tech equipment and allowing for mass production of products that meet the most stringent international standards of quality, reliability and safety. The production is certified by the State Standard of the Russian Federation.

Careful selection of components, use modern methods organization of production and strict control over compliance with all requirements of the assembly process - all this allows us to ensure consistently high quality with sufficiently large production volumes and a wide range of manufactured models and configurations.

The VIST product line consists of three main lines of commercially produced computers - VIST BUSINESS, VIST GAME and VIST PROFI. VIST BUSINESS series computers are designed for a wide range of business applications, for various application and office tasks. VIST GAME home series PCs allow you to comfortably work with both computer games, as well as with a large number of educational and development programs. Computers of the VIST PROFI series belong to the category of high-end systems and have a strong reserve of computing power.

The VIST Computer company sells its products and solutions through a wide dealer network covering all major regions of Russia. Customers are provided with branded warranty service and full technical support at VIST service centers throughout the country.

The company operates on the Russian market in close cooperation with world leaders in the computer industry, including Intel, Microsoft, Sony, Seagate, Microstar, etc. VIST is one of the largest official distributors of Samsung Electronics in Russia.

KIT company

KIT company (“Complex Information technologies") has been operating in the Russian computer market since 1992. At the first stage, the main activities of the company were the assembly of personal computers and the sale of a wide range of components, peripherals, accessories, consumables, and office furniture. The second stage began in 1996 - with the creation of the KIT Integrator network integration department, which allowed the company to more actively promote its products on the corporate market. Since 1999, the company has entered the third stage of its development, which, in addition to expanding the range of computers and developing new market segments, provides for a deep structural restructuring and improvement of the company's management mechanisms.

The company specializes in the production and marketing of personal computers, workstations, graphics stations, and servers under its own KIT brand. KIT computers are assembled at the company’s own production facility in compliance with the requirements of the ISO 9001 standard. Components are purchased directly from manufacturers or their official representatives.

All manufactured models are pre-designed. At the design stage of KIT brand PC models, only those components that have become the de facto standard for quality, compatibility and performance are included in the design. Calculations of power consumption and calculations of power released in the form of heat are carried out. The case and power supply that meet these requirements are determined. The design includes the possibility of expanding the configuration, maintainability and ease of maintenance; The corporate PC concept has been fully implemented.

Before launching into mass production, as well as in case of any changes in the design, basic configuration or technological process, type tests are carried out in accordance with GOST 21552. If there are any comments, the PC design is brought to compliance with the requirements of the technical specifications.

In further production, only those provided for are permissible. project documentation changes in configuration. All components used are tested for compliance with basic electrical parameters, vibration and moisture resistance, thermal conditions and, of course, workmanship. System units are assembled on a modern production line. Each KIT brand PC undergoes a full cycle of acceptance tests, including vibration testing and stress testing at elevated ambient temperatures.

System units are certified by Rostest and have hygienic certificates. All new PC models of the KIT brand are certified by state supervisory authorities in the prescribed manner.

The KIT company provides a two-year warranty on components and a three-year warranty on the computer. Service can be performed at the company's Moscow service center or at one of three regional service centers. Under an additional agreement, maintenance can be carried out at the site of operation.

Klondike Computers Company

The Klondike Computers company, founded in 1994, occupies one of the leading positions in the country's computer market. Since its formation, the company has been focused on producing modern, high-quality and reliable equipment. The products of the Klondike Computers company include simple office computers, and ultra-modern hi-end stations for printing and working with 3D graphics, non-linear video editing and working with CAD applications, and servers, and cluster solutions. All this diversity is united not only by the KLONDIKE brand, but, first of all, by the responsibility and professionalism of a large team of company employees.

The high professionalism of the technical department workers, modern production equipment, the presence of a quality system - all this allows us to produce reliable and high-quality equipment.

Today, ensuring a high level of product quality is impossible without close partnerships with world leaders in the IT technology market. Long-standing and fruitful cooperation with Intel Corporation helped the company take one of the leading places in the Russian computer market - at the beginning of 2000, the company received Intel Premier Provider status, indicating a high level of qualifications and dynamics of the company's development. Confirmation of the company's professionalism and the excellent quality of its products is the receipt in 2000 of the ISO 9001 certificate for compliance with international quality system standards in relation to the development and production of system units of personal computers, graphics stations and servers.

In the process of assembling personal computers, the Klondike Computers company consistently goes through all technological stages - from designing a future model to testing the finished computer. The process of designing a future PC and selecting components is carried out by a test laboratory operating within the technical department. Information coming from the testing laboratory allows the model design team to use only a set of components that are tested for compliance with the parameters and, importantly, for compatibility with each other.

After the design process is completed, the computer is assembled in the company's assembly shop. At the same time, all components entering the assembly undergo thorough input testing, which guarantees their correct operation. After assembly, the computers are sent to the quality control department. For desktop computers, the inspection cycle at quality control stands is one day, for exclusive models and graphic stations - up to two to three days, for servers - from three to four days to two weeks, depending on their class.

Klondike Computers provides a three-year warranty on all products bearing the KLONDIKE brand. Service can be performed at the company's Moscow service center or at one of 30 regional service centers. Replacement of failed components is carried out within 24 hours from the moment of request. On-site service is also possible.

Craftway company

The Kraftway Corporation is a Russian enterprise whose main activity is the computer business, including the production and sales of computers, servers and computer equipment. Craftway focuses on the market of large corporate customers. The company's policy assumes wholesale deliveries.

The first computers with the registered GEG trademark of the “Craftway” assembly were released in 1993. From the very beginning of its activities, Craftway used only high-quality components and all manufactured computers underwent 100% final control within 24 hours.

Industrial production of computer equipment began in 1994. Since that time, Kraftway computers have been assembled in specialized premises of the state research and production enterprise Kvant (Moscow). Now a new stage in the development of the company begins: Specifications production, implying 100 percent incoming control of components, assembly control, 100 percent output control of finished systems, carried out in a thermal zone for two to three days, personal responsibility of workers, etc. Craftway Corporation has entered into an OEM agreement with Microsoft to preinstall licensed software on GEG computers. To ensure an uninterrupted supply of components, Craftway opens its representative office in Taiwan.

Today, Craftway produces nine series of computers under its own GEG brand. All computers have certificates of conformity with the Russian State Standard and hygienic certificates. Workstations and graphics stations are certified to be compatible with major operating systems. In 1996, the production of the Kraftway company received the international certificate ISO 9001.

Intel highly appreciated the activities of Kraftway Corporation in the production of personal computers and server systems and awarded it the status of Intel Premier Provider.

K-Systems company

The history of the K-Systems holding began in 1994, when the company structure was created and the first regional company was opened. Currently, the K-Systems holding unites 19 companies located in the largest regional centers of Russia. Since 1997, the production of K-Systems Irbis computers, K-Systems Patriot servers and monitors under its own K-Systems brand began. Since 2000, the company began producing K-Systems Skybook laptops.

The K-Systems production quality system is certified in accordance with the international standard ISO 9001-96, which confirms the provision of a high level of products at all stages of production - during design, manufacturing, sales, and accounting of products. K-Systems equipment is certified according to the requirements of the Russian State Standard and has hygienic certificates. The K-Systems company received a license from the State Technical Commission under the President of the Russian Federation for serial production of personal computers intended for processing information containing state secrets. Compliance with the requirements of the above certification bodies allows us to produce products that are safe in all respects.

Each produced computer undergoes a full cycle of pre-sale tests. Testing procedures are continually being improved to ensure full compliance with reliability and performance requirements. The main criterion for the quality of production and testing is the reliability of manufactured computers.

K-Systems provides after-sales service for the supplied equipment. K-Systems computer equipment is guaranteed for up to three years, and for servers - up to five years. Service maintenance is carried out by the holding’s qualified personnel, as well as by specialists from partner companies that provide warranty service for K-Systems equipment.

The company's strategy is to offer high-quality products that meet domestic and international quality standards at affordable prices for Russian consumers. For government agencies, the company offers products at extremely low prices, taking into account the minimum level of profitability.

Company OOO "NKA-group"

OO "NKA-group" is a very young but dynamically developing company on the Russian personal computer market. NKA-group produces computers and laptops under the Genius iRU brand. Computers are assembled in Russia, at the Kvant assembly plant located in Zelenograd.

The development of new models is carried out by NKA-group technical specialists. At the design stage of PC models, only components that are traditionally considered the standard for quality, compatibility and performance are included in the design. A variety of components from Genius are used.

When developing new models, special attention is paid to the hardware compatibility of all components and the optimal price/quality ratio. Most components come directly from the manufacturer, which significantly reduces the likelihood of using low-quality components.

During the computer assembly process, selective incoming quality control of components is carried out, and after assembly, all computers undergo technological quality control in thermal chambers for 12 hours. The high temperature maintained in the heat chamber makes it possible to check the reliability and functionality of the heat dissipation system, as well as to identify components that are not resistant to overheating during the testing stage.

All computers under the Genius iRU brand have certificates of conformity from the State Standard of Russia and hygienic conclusions from the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision Authority.

At the moment, the line of models of modern Genius brand computers is quite wide. The most popular model ranges are offered for sale: Genius 845 “Worthy”, Genius 745 “Swift”, Genius 545 “Confident”, and each model range includes several different modifications that differ in their functionality.

The NKA-group LLC company provides its customers with a guarantee for computers of the Genius iRU brand, as well as qualified technical support and the possibility of comprehensive service. The company has one branded service center in Moscow and a network of authorized service centers throughout Russia (currently there are 41 of them).

Company "RAMEK"

The RAMEK company was founded in 1992 as part of the conversion on the basis of one of the largest military-industrial complex enterprises in Leningrad, NPO Impulse. Since that time, the company has been producing and selling computers under its own brand. PC production remains one of the company's main activities today. The production program includes four families of RAMEC computers: RAMEC Breeze series - computers for mass use, belonging to the SOHO category; RAMEC Gale series - a family of universal PCs; RAMEC Storm series - graphic stations; RAMEC Tornado series - file servers and application servers.

Each computer undergoes a mandatory 48-hour test. The reliability indicator is at least 14 thousand hours between failures, which corresponds to the indicators of foreign Brand Name equipment.

All computers released under the RAMEC brand are based on Intel processors. Ramek's long-term close cooperation with Intel Corporation (Intel's business partner since 1995, authorized solution provider since 1999) allows Ramek to supply the market with new models of its computers equipped with the latest Intel processors, almost simultaneously with their announcement.

In addition to conventional computers for mass use, Ramek offers its customers a wide range of industrial-grade computers designed to solve automation, control and management problems in harsh operating conditions. They successfully resist external adverse factors - dust, moisture, vibration, strong external electromagnetic radiation.

All work and products performed have state licenses and certificates.

In 2001, the company was one of the first among computer companies in St. Petersburg to receive the International Quality Certificate ISO 9001.

The products of the Ramek company are well known not only in the North-West, but also in other regions of Russia. To achieve this, the company has created a wide dealer network, which today includes over 150 companies in 40 regions of Russia. In addition, the company has a representative office and warehouse in Moscow and 14 regional service centers.

Research and production association "Technika-Service" (TS Computers)

Research and production association "Technika-Service" (TS Computers) was founded in 1991. The company specializes in the production of personal computers, servers and laptops of increased reliability from imported components of the highest quality.

TS Computers brand computers are developed based on the criteria of complete mutual hardware compatibility of the incoming functional blocks and nodes and their highest reliability. The development of basic models of TS Computers brand computers is carried out in a computer systems modeling laboratory specially created at NPO Tekhnika-Service.

All new models of incoming devices and components are tested according to the programs of compliance with the declared technical specifications, full hardware compatibility with basic models of TS Computers brand computers, full software compatibility with major operating systems.

Without exception, all components undergo incoming inspection. All memory modules are tested on special equipment that simulates temperature surges and surges in supply voltage and analyzes changes in access time and the quality of memory cells. All hard disks tested on specialized equipment and supplied in individual shock-resistant packaging. In addition, 100% incoming control is carried out CD-R drives, CD-RW, CD-ROM SCSI, Iomega drives, LS-120 drives, magneto-optical drives and other products.

New computer models undergo mandatory certification by Rostest.

The warranty period for components and PC is three years. Servicing is carried out at the company's service center. Failed components are replaced within 24 hours from the date of request. For an additional fee, equipment can be serviced at the place of operation.

A distinctive feature of TS Computers brand computers is the use of the TS Thermal@Control 88M temperature control system, developed by NPO Tekhnika-Service. The system consists of a main unit and eight temperature sensors. Four controlled fans are connected to the main unit, cooling the internal components of the computer and the space of the system unit. TS Thermal@Control 88M monitors device temperatures and fan speeds, and turns fans on and off when a user-defined temperature threshold is reached.

Formosa Company

Today Formosa is not just a company that assembles computers, but a manufacturing company that owns the full cycle of technology for the development and production of computers - starting from circuit design and wiring printed circuit boards and ending with comprehensive testing of finished products. One of the main achievements of the company is the organization of modern high-tech production of system boards.

Currently, the company offers several models of motherboards manufactured in Moscow at the company's production base. Among them there are both motherboards, produced under license from Lucky Star, and boards of the company’s own design.

All production facilities of the company are certified to comply with the requirements of international standards ISO 9001 and ISO 9002.

The production of computers takes place on the most modern conveyor line in Russia for assembling and setting up PCs. The assembly line includes more than ten computerized workstations for monitoring and testing computers with a built-in thermal testing system, which allows us to constantly improve and improve the quality of manufactured computers. The quality control system ensures a high level of reliability of manufactured equipment.

Computers produced by the Formosa-Altair company have certificates of conformity from the State Standard of Russia and hygienic conclusions from the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision Authority.

Today the company produces three model lines of computers - universal, educational and corporate series. Altair computers of the corporate series are distinguished by a high level of input control of components and undergo multi-level testing. This testing includes inspection appearance with checking for the presence of all required elements, testing on equipment simulating a workstation, where the actual performance of components is determined, testing to identify hidden defects in components and assembly, assessing system reliability, checking electrical safety, checking the functioning of the network if there is a network card in the configuration. Separate tests on vibration stands are also provided. In addition, corporate series computers can be tested for information security and specially checked in a laboratory accredited by FAPSI for the presence of “bookmarks”. Special tests are also carried out for leakage of confidential information due to background radiation of the system; recommendations to customers on preventing information leakage (in a laboratory accredited by the State Technical Supervision Authority of the Russian Federation).

F-Center Company

The F-Center company was founded in 1993 as an office trade enterprise focused on the market of personal computers and office equipment. Since 1999, the company began serial production of computers under the MIR brand. Today, the list of F-Center partners includes such world-famous manufacturers of computer hardware and software as 3Com, AMD, APC, Bridge, Epson, Fujitsu, Intel, HP, Lexmark, Lucky Star, Microsoft, Mitsumi, Panasonic, Samsung , Sony, U.S. Robotics, ViewSonic.

The F-Center company practices an individual approach to the client, therefore it offers a unique service - assembling a computer to order without advance payment. The company's specialists pay close attention to the design of new PC models - configurations that are constantly available for sale, created based on the most frequent wishes of customers. To date, F-Center engineers have developed several models of system units based on modern computer technologies, intended for both home users and corporate clients and wholesale buyers.

Computer development fully meets all technological requirements. Particular attention is paid to the design of future PC models. Having its own testing laboratory, the F-Center company is constantly engaged in an innovative search for new combinations of components for future PCs. As a Microsoft OEM System Builder, F-Center has the opportunity to equip its projects with the most modern software.

The production complex is equipped with unique equipment. The quality control system and testing for 30 hours under extreme conditions ensure a high level of reliability of the manufactured equipment. MIR computers have certificates of conformity from the State Standard of Russia and hygienic conclusions from the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision Authority.

F-Center provides warranty and post-warranty service for the equipment sold. The warranty period for MIR series computers is two years, service is carried out in two Moscow service centers of the company.

Highly qualified technical consultants work in the sales areas of the company's stores, who can not only talk about the advantages of the selected equipment, but also select equipment that is most optimized for the buyer's tasks and financial capabilities.

ArBYTE Computers Company

ArBYTE Computers was founded in 1992 and is currently a dynamically developing corporation focused on meeting market demands for high-quality equipment and servicing of supplied equipment. The main activity of ArBYTE Computers is the production and supply of high-quality computer equipment for a wide range of users - corporate workstations, SOHO equipment, professional graphics workstations, video editing studios, as well as warranty and post-warranty service.

Under the ArBYTE brand, several model lines of computers are produced, each of which is designed to solve a specific range of tasks - these are high-speed graphic workstations ArBYTE Tempo with powerful graphics subsystems, corporate workstations ArBYTE Forte, and inexpensive computers for home or small office ArBYTE Quint .

Computers are assembled at our own production facilities. The assembly shop in the building of the Physics Research and Production Association began operating in mid-January last year. In the computer production process, an in-house quality control system is used, which allows us to constantly improve production technology and monitor its careful compliance. The company's technical laboratory conducts research into the components used, designs, testing technologies, develops and tests new models. ArBYTE production uses a modern technological cycle for the production of PCs and servers. Before entering assembly, components undergo random preliminary checks - inspection and functional testing. Upon completion of assembly, the computers are sent for preliminary testing.

All assembled computers have a full set of mandatory government certificates. If necessary, special studies and inspections are carried out, as well as military acceptance of the supplied equipment.

The result of well-established production technology and quality control was that the company received a production quality certificate that complies with the international standard ISO 9001-2000 and confirmation from the Military Register.

Desten Computers Company

Desten Computers company, founded in Moscow at the beginning of 1995, is today one of the largest Russian manufacturers computers, workstations and servers under its own brand. In 1999, Desten Computers received iASP (Intel Authorized Solution Provider) status, and in 2000 - Intel Premier Provider.

The company has an extensive dealer network in many regions of Russia and a developing retail network in Moscow.

The quality of all Desten Computers products is confirmed by certificate of conformity No. ROSS RU.АУ64.В01397 for mass production.

Desten computers are assembled in the company's new workshop. The production is equipped with modern industrial equipment from Treston and has a design capacity of up to 2 thousand system units per month. The production uses a fundamentally new technological process, the basis of which is a multi-level quality control system. This technological process represents independent operations: order completion, incoming testing of components, installation, visual inspection, OS installation, final comprehensive testing, packaging. Particular attention is paid to control and testing operations, in which devices are tested for compatibility of components with each other, for compatibility with software and for operation under increased workload. Monitoring compliance with production technology is ensured by a reporting system for each operation and internal quality standards.

Desten Computers pays great attention to service. The company provides warranty and post-warranty service and technical support for products sold, including modernization of purchased equipment on preferential terms. The warranty on the company's computers ranges from two to three years. Service is carried out in two Moscow and 15 regional service centers. Repair of failed equipment in service centers is carried out within 24 hours, and if an additional agreement is concluded, it can be carried out at the place of operation.

Force Computers Company

Force Computers company began its history on March 9, 2000. The main activity of the company is the production and sale of system units and peripherals. The company's products are aimed at consumers with different income levels. The range includes both budget-level computers and computers assembled from the most modern components from leading manufacturers; We also assemble custom computers. All computers undergo mandatory testing. All products manufactured by the company are certified.

Currently, the company has developed a series of computers: Webby, Friendly, Very and Supreme. The Webby series is a complete solution entry level offered at the lowest price. Friendly is high performance and the latest technology at affordable prices. The Very series combines maximum performance and reliability, the latest technologies. The Force Supreme Series workstations are designed for professionals who demand exceptional performance, reliability and scalability for workstation-class applications.

The company offers customers the purchase of computers on credit, warranty and post-warranty service, and, at the request of the client, a visit to the site of operation is carried out. You can order by phone or online. Free delivery of computers is provided.

The warranty on system units is given for two years. Service is carried out in the company's own warranty department. A technical support line has been launched by telephone and via the Internet.

ISM Computers Company

The ISM Computers company has been operating in the computer market since May 1995 and during this time has managed to become one of the largest and dynamically developing suppliers of computers, computer equipment and solutions on the Russian market. Today the company has more than 100 permanent partners in Russia and the CIS countries, as well as five retail stores in Moscow.

Currently, ISM Computers has Intel Premier Provider status. This status allows the company to benefit from the full technological and intellectual support of Intel. The production of personal computers under the ISM brand is one of the main activities of the company. ISM computers are assembled on the basis of our own assembly areas.

The high quality and reliability of ISM computers and servers are guaranteed thanks to a multi-stage quality control system at each stage of the production process. Only highly qualified engineers and technical specialists work in the company’s assembly shop; assembly is made from high-quality, tested components. At the end of the production process, all products are checked by the technical control department. All this allows us to guarantee the high quality of ISM brand computers and provide a two-year warranty on the equipment produced by the company. Service can be performed in five Moscow and 124 regional service centers. Replacement of failed components is carried out within 24 hours from the moment of request. Thanks to the network of regional service centers for servicing ISM equipment, the buyer has the opportunity to repair and service computers directly on site, which significantly reduces costs and time for repairs.

ISM brand computers are certified in accordance with all requirements for products going on sale in Russia.

Currently, the ISM computer product line consists of three main series: Initial, Standard and Master. The Initial series are low-cost, practical models aimed primarily at the SOHO market. Models in this series are suitable both for working with office applications and for studying using specialized educational programs and educational games. The Standard series combines mid-level models with the best combination of price and performance. Such computers show excellent results when working with complex Internet applications, multimedia applications and graphics packages. They are great for both work and play. The Master series is, on the one hand, powerful workstations, and on the other, models for the home, allowing owners of these PCs to edit digital photos, sound or video, watch DVD movies, and play the latest games without thinking about it. whether there are enough computer resources for this.

Nord company

The main areas of activity of the Nord company are the production of computers and servers and the implementation of complete solutions based on them, the supply of components, peripheral devices and consumables, equipment maintenance, design and construction of computer networks, turnkey projects, comprehensive services for enterprises, examination of computer equipment . The company has the status of Intel Premier Provider, Microsoft OEM System Builder Member, CISCO Authorized Reseller, Iwill Authorized Dealer, Mitsumi Official Dealer, ViewSonic Official Reseller and other evidence of recognition by world leaders in the computer industry.

The company was founded in 1994, and its own company was registered in 1995 trademark- Nord. In 1996, Nord computer equipment acquired all the qualities of a branded product. Since then, the company has been paying special attention to issues of purchase conditions and additional services. The company became a member of the international EAN system and its products received a barcode. The company mastered the serial production of office, home and special computers, servers, laptops, including those for unfavorable operating conditions. In addition to serial models, custom configurations are assembled. All Nord computers are thoroughly tested after assembly and have Russian quality and safety certificates. It is possible to supply equipment that has undergone additional testing, inspection and certification, up to military acceptance of the product.

In addition, the company always has more than 500 high-quality items in stock peripheral devices, components and consumables. Deliveries to order are distinguished by efficiency - within a period of several hours to three days. A wide range of products in stock - from cheap mass products to expensive high-quality ones - allows us to satisfy the needs of the most demanding customers. Close and long-term relationships with the world's leading manufacturers and their representative offices in Russia allow the company to maintain a wide range of products.

The company has a service department that carries out warranty and post-warranty repairs, modernization and maintenance of equipment; a visit to the customer is carried out, including an urgent one. The company's specialists have been trained and certified by the world's leading manufacturers and have the appropriate diplomas.

Today the company is ready to create computer systems of any level of complexity depending on customer requirements, up to distributed networks in a “client-server” architecture or boxed solutions - computers and servers, packaged with wires for laying the network, tested, configured and completely ready for work .

NT Computers Company

NT Computers, founded in 1994, occupies a significant share of the SOHO market in Moscow and in a number of regions of Russia. Over the years, the company has established itself as a reliable manufacturer of high-quality computers sold under its own brand. Well-established relationships with the world's leading computer equipment manufacturers allow us to use only reliable and high-quality components for PC production.

The development and updating of the model range is carried out by employees of the NT-Labs laboratory. NT Computers products are certified by the Russian State Standard, which guarantees compliance with technological conditions at all stages of production.

Professional training of personnel is one of the most important components of the company's work. The company's employees undergo training both at the NT-Labs training center and at the training centers of the world's famous computer equipment manufacturers.

The company provides free on-site PC service during the entire warranty period. If your computer malfunctions, POLARIS Service specialists will perform the necessary diagnostics and repairs.

In Moscow, NT computers are supplied to the largest network of computer centers POLARIS.

R-Style Computers Company

R-Style Computers company is one of the oldest manufacturers of computer equipment. The production of computers under the R-Style brand began in 1992, and today the R-Style company produces the entire range of computer equipment: personal computers, workstations, servers and laptops.

Service support for equipment manufactured by the company is provided by more than 90 certified service centers throughout Russia. The company's partners are more than 300 companies, of which 23 are authorized.

The quality system for development, design and production is certified according to the international standard ISO 9001. R-Style Computers has production facilities in Moscow, as well as at the Kontur TPO plant in Tomsk. The peak capacity of the two plants is now 14 thousand computers per month.

The R-Style retail network currently consists of 15 showrooms (six in Moscow and nine based in regional branches).

R-Style Computers was the first company in Russia to certify R-Style Carbon workstations and R-Style Proxima computers for compatibility with the Microsoft Windows XP operating system.

ComputerPress 7"2002

If you've ever wondered about the best computer manufacturer, you've probably looked for the answer on the Internet. There are quite a few manufacturing brands that produce a wide range of desktops, workstations, laptops and other computer peripherals. However, the main difficulty when choosing a manufacturer is precisely the significance and fame of the brand and the interestingness of their offers.
So, let's look at the list and brief description of the world's most famous computer brands. This short review covers only those manufacturers whose reputation is in computer world has an exceptionally high level. Their quality and reliability, popularity and sales level speak for themselves.

Apple

Brand closely associated with Steve Jobs and high level of production. Apple computers known for their quality build, high-tech research and development, and precise adherence to manufacturing technology. Apple successfully produces a wide range of computers, laptops, monitors, Tablet PCs, phones, etc. Apple laptops, thanks to their wide range, are among the best and most beautiful in the world. Of course these are world famous laptop series such as MacBook, iMac or Mac Mini. Along with quality, performance and quietness, Apple pays great attention to the design of its products. For personal use, this brand is the best among laptop manufacturers.
Mac Pro- the most productive model from the line of Apple desktop computers. Crazy performance and excellent stability and reliability. The best choice for serious tasks.

Dell

Dell- one of the most dynamic companies in the computer market. The growth rate of profits and sales of this brand’s products has been significantly higher than that of the entire industry for many years. Dell produces a huge number of models of personal PCs, laptops, PDAs, networking equipment, storage devices, servers, and other hardware.
Michael Dell truly turned my dream into reality. Dell's main motto is to put a computer in every home. Dell produces computers and laptops for students, home users, entrepreneurs and corporations. This allows you to equip every home, school, office and any public place with computers.
Dell relies on three aspects: creating computers of exactly the configuration that the customer wants, within the specified time frame, and most importantly, constant service.
Another important feature of the company’s development is the constant race for minimum prices and attracting customers with various bonuses and gifts.

IBM

International Business Machines- a giant that at one time produced almost every computer for a home user. IBM creates compact, powerful, fast, quiet computers. The product catalog of this company is so large that you will find a computer in any processor frequency range produced throughout the history of computing. The main idea of the company is to supply a computer to every user. You can easily find countless companies using IBM computers. The company was founded as a creator of computers for the corporate sector, and that's what it still does brilliantly. In addition, competition with IBM and the desire to surpass it served as the main impetus for many start-up companies for their own development. WITH IBM companies that were just starting out competed Apple , DEC, Intel, Microsoft, Compaq and others.

Hewlett-Packard (HP)

HP often associated as a supplier of desktop computers and laptops to corporate clients. In addition, the company does not forget about small offices and home users, producing a huge range of home computers, printers, scanners, and monitors. HP develops and produces a huge series of desktop computers and laptops that can satisfy even the most sophisticated customer requirements. Some HP products are truly innovative, e.g. TouchSmart- computer with touch screen, and famous HP Brio. If you plan to study at your desk at home, then this is one of the best desktop computer brands.

Gateway

Gateway, now owned by the brand Acer, is a brilliant computer manufacturer. The company's product range includes netbooks, notebooks, PCs and LCD displays. Like Apple, this company is admired for its precision research and development. Gateway Computers can be used by both corporations and consumers.

I hope you find the best computer for you from the best computer brand. And which brand is the best is up to you to decide. Good luck in choosing your computer.

“Russian-assembled computer” is a phrase that can be heard more and more often in computer showrooms or in computer equipment markets. The number of Russian companies involved in assembling computers is quite large, and it is unlikely that anyone can even approximately name their number. Among these companies there are many small ones with 5-10 people on staff, and giants that are rightfully considered brands of the Russian computer market.

Assembling a computer from separate components is indeed not difficult, but setting it up correctly, finding hidden defects and making it work correctly is not something everyone can do. And can you be sure that such a computer works exactly as it should? And the constant and completely incomprehensible freezing of the computer - isn’t this a by-product of such unprofessionalism? So what is the difference between artisanal and professional computer assembly in a production environment? Where and how are the company’s technological capabilities and the professionalism of its employees demonstrated? Creating a computer begins with designing its model. A serious company has a lineup of dozens of models of desktop computers, which differ significantly in parameters, functionality, and recommended areas of application. Design is the most important and responsible stage, consisting in the selection of components, the range of which is very diverse today. The choice of specific components, as well as their suppliers, largely determines the final consumer qualities of the future computer - performance, reliability and cost.

In addition, manufacturing companies have access to technical information that is inaccessible to mere mortals and primarily concerns compatibility between various components and how to achieve it.

After the PC model is designed, the turn comes to incoming inspection, which makes it possible to identify both individual components and entire batches that do not meet either the declared parameters or reliability requirements. It should be noted that, despite the highest technological level of production of leading component manufacturers, cases of components being rejected at the incoming inspection stage are by no means rare. According to unofficial data, a batch of motherboards is considered to be of high quality if the percentage of defects is 10%, that is, every tenth board has a defect (now think about what kind of motherboards come to the computer markets from “gray” dealers!).

It is also important, especially for inexperienced users, to have technical support from the manufacturer and the possibility of free warranty repairs.

Aquarius company

The Aquarius production company is part of the Aquarius group of companies, founded in 1989. Aquarius became the first non-governmental organization in Russia to open its own factory production of personal computers. Currently, one of the main activities of the company is the development and production of personal computers and servers under its own brands.

Valga company

The corporate sales department implements not only standard solutions, but also the latest technologies and equipment samples. At the decision-making stage, Valga provides computer equipment for testing.

For the convenience of customers, the Valga company sells its equipment through a network of retail stores, an online store and a corporate sales department.

VIST Computer Company

Careful selection of components, the use of modern methods of production organization and strict control over compliance with all requirements of the assembly process - all this allows us to ensure consistently high quality with fairly large production volumes and a wide range of manufactured models and configurations.

The VIST product line consists of three main lines of commercially produced computers - VIST BUSINESS, VIST GAME and VIST PROFI. VIST BUSINESS series computers are designed for a wide range of business applications, for various application and office tasks. The VIST GAME home series PCs allow you to comfortably work with both computer games and a large number of educational and developmental programs. Computers of the VIST PROFI series belong to the category of high-end systems and have a strong reserve of computing power.

KIT company

The KIT company (“Complex of Information Technologies”) has been operating in the Russian computer market since 1992. At the first stage, the main activities of the company were the assembly of personal computers and the sale of a wide range of components, peripherals, accessories, consumables, and office furniture. The second stage began in 1996 - with the creation of the KIT Integrator network integration department, which allowed the company to more actively promote its products on the corporate market. Since 1999, the company has entered the third stage of its development, which, in addition to expanding the range of computers and developing new market segments, provides for a deep structural restructuring and improvement of the company's management mechanisms.

In further production, only changes to the configuration provided for in the design documentation are permissible. All components used are tested for compliance with basic electrical parameters, vibration and moisture resistance, thermal conditions and, of course, workmanship. System units are assembled on a modern production line. Each KIT brand PC undergoes a full cycle of acceptance tests, including vibration testing and stress testing at elevated ambient temperatures.

System units are certified by Rostest and have hygienic certificates. All new PC models of the KIT brand are certified by state supervisory authorities in the prescribed manner.

Klondike Computers Company

The high professionalism of the technical department workers, modern production equipment, the presence of a quality system - all this allows us to produce reliable and high-quality equipment.

Craftway company

Industrial production of computer equipment began in 1994. Since that time, Kraftway computers have been assembled in specialized premises of the state research and production enterprise Kvant (Moscow). Now a new stage in the development of the company is beginning: Technical Production Conditions are being developed, implying 100 percent incoming control of components, assembly control, 100 percent output control of finished systems, carried out in a thermal zone for two to three days, personal responsibility of workers, etc. Craftway Corporation has entered into an OEM agreement with Microsoft to preinstall licensed software on GEG computers. To ensure an uninterrupted supply of components, Craftway opens its representative office in Taiwan.

Intel highly appreciated the activities of Craftway Corporation in the production of personal computers and server systems and awarded it the status of Intel Premier Provider.

K-Systems company

Company OOO "NKA-group"

All computers under the Genius iRU brand have certificates of conformity from the State Standard of Russia and hygienic conclusions from the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision Authority.

Company "RAMEK"

Each computer undergoes a mandatory 48-hour test. The reliability indicator is at least 14 thousand hours between failures, which corresponds to the indicators of foreign Brand Name equipment.

All work and products performed have state licenses and certificates.

In 2001, the company was one of the first among computer companies in St. Petersburg to receive the International Quality Certificate ISO 9001.

Research and production association "Technika-Service" (TS Computers)

All new models of incoming devices and components are tested according to programs for compliance with declared technical characteristics, full hardware compatibility with basic models of TS Computers brand computers, and full software compatibility with major operating systems.

Without exception, all components undergo incoming inspection. All memory modules are tested on special equipment that simulates temperature surges and surges in supply voltage and analyzes changes in access time and the quality of memory cells. All hard drives are tested on specialized equipment and supplied in individual shock-resistant packaging. In addition, 100% incoming inspection of CD-R, CD-RW, CD-ROM SCSI drives, Iomega drives, LS-120 drives, magneto-optical drives and other products is carried out.

New computer models undergo mandatory certification by Rostest.

Formosa Company

Today, Formosa is not just a company that assembles computers, but a manufacturing company that owns the full cycle of computer development and production technology - from circuit design and printed circuit board layout to comprehensive testing of finished products. One of the main achievements of the company is the organization of modern high-tech production of system boards.

Currently, the company offers several models of motherboards manufactured in Moscow at the company's production base. Among them there are both motherboards produced under license from Lucky Star and boards of the company’s own design.

All production facilities of the company are certified to comply with the requirements of international standards ISO 9001 and ISO 9002.

Today the company produces three model lines of computers - universal, educational and corporate series. Altair computers of the corporate series are distinguished by a high level of input control of components and undergo multi-level testing. This testing includes an external inspection to check for the presence of all required elements, testing on equipment simulating a workstation, where the actual performance of components is determined, testing to identify hidden defects in components and assembly, assessing system reliability, checking electrical safety, checking the functioning of the network if there are network card configuration. Separate tests on vibration stands are also provided. In addition, corporate series computers can be tested for information security and specially checked in a laboratory accredited by FAPSI for the presence of “bookmarks”. Special tests are also carried out for leakage of confidential information due to background radiation of the system; recommendations to customers on preventing information leakage (in a laboratory accredited by the State Technical Supervision Authority of the Russian Federation).

F-Center Company

ArBYTE Computers Company

All assembled computers have a full set of mandatory government certificates. If necessary, special studies and inspections are carried out, as well as military acceptance of the supplied equipment.

Desten Computers Company

Desten Computers, founded in Moscow in early 1995, is today one of the largest Russian manufacturers of computers, workstations and servers under its own brand. In 1999, Desten Computers received iASP (Intel Authorized Solution Provider) status, and in 2000 - Intel Premier Provider.

The company has an extensive dealer network in many regions of Russia and a developing retail network in Moscow.

The quality of all Desten Computers products is confirmed by certificate of conformity No. ROSS RU.АУ64.В01397 for mass production.

Force Computers Company

Currently, the company has developed a series of computers: Webby, Friendly, Very and Supreme. The Webby series is a complete entry-level solution offered at a minimal price. Friendly is high performance and the latest technology at affordable prices. The Very series combines maximum performance and reliability, the latest technologies. The Force Supreme Series workstations are designed for professionals who demand exceptional performance, reliability and scalability for workstation-class applications.

The warranty on system units is given for two years. Service is carried out in the company's own warranty department. A technical support line has been launched by telephone and via the Internet.

ISM Computers Company

ISM brand computers are certified in accordance with all requirements for products going on sale in Russia.

Nord company

The company was founded in 1994, and in 1995 its own trademark, Nord, was registered. In 1996, Nord computer equipment acquired all the qualities of a branded product. Since then, the company has been paying special attention to issues of purchase conditions and additional services. The company became a member of the international EAN system and its products received a barcode. The company mastered the serial production of office, home and special computers, servers, laptops, including those for unfavorable operating conditions. In addition to serial models, custom configurations are assembled. All Nord computers are thoroughly tested after assembly and have Russian quality and safety certificates. It is possible to supply equipment that has undergone additional testing, inspection and certification, up to military acceptance of the product.

In addition, the company always has more than 500 items of high-quality peripheral devices, components and consumables in stock. Deliveries to order are distinguished by efficiency - within a period of several hours to three days. A wide range of products in stock - from cheap mass products to expensive high-quality ones - allows us to satisfy the needs of the most demanding customers. Close and long-term relationships with the world's leading manufacturers and their representative offices in Russia allow the company to maintain a wide range of products.

NT Computers Company

The company provides free on-site PC service during the entire warranty period. If your computer malfunctions, POLARIS Service specialists will perform the necessary diagnostics and repairs.

In Moscow, NT computers are supplied to the largest network of computer centers POLARIS.

R-Style Computers Company

The R-Style retail network currently consists of 15 showrooms (six in Moscow and nine based in regional branches).

R-Style Computers was the first company in Russia to certify R-Style Carbon workstations and R-Style Proxima computers for compatibility with the Microsoft Windows XP operating system.

ComputerPress 7"2002

Apple products

Apple Computer Incorporated is an American corporation specializing in the development and production of computer equipment. The headquarters is located in Cupertino (California).

A characteristic feature of Apple Computer is that it stands apart from the widespread IBM-compatible computer equipment. Despite the higher price level, Apple Computer products have great potential and are recognized by highly qualified users of personal computers.

The company was founded in 1977 by Steven Jobs and Stephen Wozniak in Palo Alto, California. The first production premises for the company was an ordinary garage. The founders of Apple Computer set themselves the goal of creating a microcomputer that would be affordable to the average user, but with the widest possible capabilities.

The basis for the future computer was a computer board developed by Wozniak called Apple 1. In 1977, Wozniak and Jobs assembled the first complete personal computer, housed in a plastic case with an integrated keyboard and a TV as a display. Apple 2, which weighed less than seven kilograms, cost $1,350. Seven expansion slots made it possible to increase the machine's capabilities with expansion cards for graphics, communications, and printing. The main advantage of the Apple 2 was its reliability compared to other microcomputers of the late 1970s. Shortly after financier Michael Marculla invested his money in the business, mass production of the Apple 2 began in Cupertino. In the summer of 1978, the Apple 2 was equipped with a disk drive, and in late 1979, with the VisiCalc software package. Thanks to high quality With its products, Apple Computer has become a leading company in the microcomputer market.

In the early 1980s, with the advent of the IBM personal computer, competition between microcomputer manufacturers increased sharply. Apple Computer released the Macintosh series of computers, which for many years were considered a model of high performance and excellent quality. Lightweight and user-friendly Macintosh with GUI and<мышью>was introduced by the company in 1984, but demand for it was lower than expected. The company, which manufactured and sold personal computers, printers and software around the world in the early 1980s, was beset by strife. In 1985, internal problems led to the reorganization of the company and the resignation of Jobs. In 1986, John Sculley became the company's chief executive.

In the mid-90s, Apple was going through a difficult time. The company could not cope with the huge range of products, and sales began to fall. The company decided to change strategy and at the end of 1996 acquired NeXT, founded in 1985 by Jobs and several former Apple employees, for $400 million. Thus, Jobs returned to the company he created, accepting the position of interim manager, and was actively involved in the process of revitalizing the company. He decided to stop releasing a number of products and distributing licenses for operating system MacOS. Under pressure from Jobs, Apple abandoned the services of all partners in the field of computer retail trade in favor of one - CompUSA, which is now successfully trading<маками>.

Cooperation with Microsoft also contributed to the revival of Apple: in 1997, Bill Gates decided to support the company and invested $150 million in Apple. Apple's business is looking up. Popular package office programs Microsoft Office 98 for the Macintosh platform appeared on the market several months earlier than the similar version for Windows. By the beginning of 1999, over 31 million Macintosh computer systems had been sold worldwide.

Apple Computer Corporation's production facilities are also located in Ireland and Singapore. Every year, the corporation allocates about 7% of the proceeds from the sale of computers to research purposes. Apple Computer research centers are located in Cupertino, Tokyo, Cork (Ireland) and China. Apple has offices in 140 countries around the world. The corporation's staff at the beginning of 1999 was 8,788 people.

3Com (Computer Communication Compatibility Corporation)

3Com (Computer Communication Compatibility Corporation), an American corporation engaged in local and global network infrastructures. 3Com is the world's second largest company providing complete networking solutions. It helps organizations and individuals around the world connect with each other and share information and resources at any time, wherever they are. 3Com has more than 100 million network connections deployed, more than any other company.

The name 3Com is synonymous with Ethernet network technology. One of the inventors of this widespread networking technology, Dr. Robert Metcalfe, founded 3Com in 1979. 3Com's headquarters are located in Santa Clara, California. First in the world network adapter for the IBM-compatible computer, the corporation released in 1983 and to date has supplied customers with over 50 million network interface cards. In the early nineties, 3Com refocused its business on global data networks. The successful work of the corporation allowed it to enter the list of the five hundred largest companies in the world in April 1994. Currently, the corporation is trying to find a technological solution that will unite disparate local networks equipped with equipment different manufacturers, into a single corporate infrastructure.

During 1993-98, 3Com acquired twelve computer companies, which helped the corporation enter new markets and expand the range of its network solutions. The largest and most significant of these was the merger of the U.S. Robotics in June 1997. 3Com managed to significantly strengthen the position of the U.S. Robotics in the retail sector and in the field of equipment supply for service providers.

3Com, one of the largest providers of still image, audio and video technology, is playing a leading role in the transition to universal networks that connect these three types of information within a single network environment. The corporation provides network solutions to more than 200 million users worldwide, offering large corporations, small and medium-sized enterprises, telecom operators and network service providers, and individuals access to information and system solutions to create intelligent and high-performance local and global networks.

3Com's main customers are in the areas of finance, education, healthcare, retail, publishing, industry, and government. 3Com is the primary equipment supplier to 9 of the 10 largest Internet service providers in North America (including America Online and CompuServe), as well as providers worldwide.

3Com places a significant emphasis on innovation. Employees of the corporation's scientific laboratories managed to obtain 114 patents for inventions in the United States - more than any of the companies specializing in the field of network technologies. In the 1997 fiscal year, the corporation spent about $500 million on scientific development.

In total, 3Com produces more than eight hundred hardware and software. These include network interface cards, modems, organizers, videophones, speakerphones, hubs, routers, switches, remote access tools, and network management software.

3Com's sales in fiscal 1998 were $5.4 billion. 3Com is a global company with 160 offices in 45 countries on six continents. 3Com's ISO 9002 certified manufacturing facilities are located in Boxboro, Massachusetts, Chicago, Salt Lake City, Santa Clara, Ireland, Israel and Singapore. Regional centers Maintenance and 3Com support locations are located in Chicago, Santa Clara, Asia Pacific, Europe and Latin America. In addition, the corporation maintains 135 logistics and spare parts storage centers, as well as seven technical problem solving centers. 3Com employs about 13 thousand employees. The head of the corporation is Eric A. Benhamou.

Acer products

Acer Incorporated, a Taiwanese corporation, is one of the world's ten largest personal computer manufacturers. In terms of sales, Acer firmly holds a leading position in the computer markets of Latin America and Asia, and is also one of the leading computer companies in the United States and Europe.

The company was founded in 1976 under the name Multitech International. In the early 80s, the company managed to assemble inexpensive IBM-compatible personal computers and enter the international market. In 1985, representative offices were opened in Japan and Germany. In 1987, Acer Laboratories Incorporated was created - a division for the development and production of chipsets. The following year, the entire corporation was renamed Acer - in Latin<активный, целеустремленный, умный>.

In 1988, Acer acquired the American company Counterpoint Computers (San Jose, California), a developer and manufacturer of minicomputers, and in 1989, the Dutch company Kangaroo Computer B.V., which became the basis for the production facilities of the AcerEurope division.

The high level of work of the young Taiwanese company was recognized by the leading computer companies in the world. In 1989, Acer and Texas Instruments, the flagship of the US semiconductor industry, created a joint venture to produce memory chips. In 1990, Acer acquired Altos Computer Systems, one of the leaders in the production of multi-user systems, for $94 million.

In 1991, ChipUpTM technology was developed at Acer research laboratories, the license for the use of which was purchased by Intel in 1994. In 1992, Acer's headquarters were moved to Singapore. In 1997, Acer acquired the Texas Instruments division, which specialized in the development and marketing of portable computers.

15 Acer factories with a total production area of more than 1 million m2, located in the USA, the Netherlands, Finland, Malaysia and Taiwan, produce a wide range of products - from keyboards, monitors and fax machines to laptops, Desktop computers, servers, workstations, video conferencing systems. In addition, Acer produces integrated circuits, DRAM, ASIC, and BIOS components. Acer's strategic partners are Texas Instruments, Intel, Microsoft, Novell, Santa Cruz Operations.

Along with the main production facilities, Acer has 35 assembly shops in different parts of the world, as close as possible to its sales markets. This organizational structure, which bears an internal name, allows the company to supply finished products at the lowest prices. In March 1996 year Acer announced the opening of a system assembly plant in Finland, focused on the Russian market.

Currently, Acer has more than 80 offices in 38 countries and has a staff of 15 thousand employees. The company successfully operates in computer markets in more than 100 countries.

Adobe Systems Incorporated

Adobe Systems Incorporated is an American corporation and a leading developer of software for personal computers. The company is headquartered in San Jose, California.

Adobe was founded in 1982 by John E. Warnock and Charles M. Geschke, who still lead the company today. Specializing in the creation of graphic editors for personal computers, Adobe managed to release a whole series of programs that have received recognition from millions of users. This is an Adobe Photoshop raster package, vector package Adobe Illustrator, Adobe Acrobat viewer, Adobe Dimensions 3D font creation program, Adobe Premiere and CoSA After Effects video editing programs, popular Adobe PageMaker publishing system and others.

Adobe products allow you to create visually rich documents based on various computer platforms.

Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) Incorporated

Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) Incorporated (Advant Micro Devices, AMD), an American corporation, is a leading designer and manufacturer of integrated circuits, electronic devices, computer components and communications products.

AMD was founded in 1969. The company's headquarters are located in Sunnyvale, California. AMD is one of the five hundred largest American companies. The company produces processors, flash memory, logic devices, telecommunications and networking products.

In the computer world, AMD is best known as a competitor to Intel in the production of processors for personal computers. The company has extensive experience in producing x86-compatible processors. Currently in use you can find processors of the fourth (see Microprocessors), fifth (see Am 5k86 family) and sixth generations. AMD's major success was the release of the sixth generation AMD-K6 MMX Enhanced processor. By entering a set of commands 3DNow! in the AMD-K6-2 processor, AMD was ahead of Intel, which planned to introduce a similar KNI instruction set in the Katmai processor only in 1999. In the future, AMD plans to release K6-2 with frequencies of 350 and 400 MHz (see AMD's future plans).

AMD production facilities are located in the USA, Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand. The total number of employees of the corporation is more than 12 thousand people. In 1997, AMD's revenues were almost $2.5 billion.

Compaq

Compaq Computer is an American corporation, the world's largest supplier of laptop and desktop computers, servers and network equipment. The headquarters is located in Houston (Texas).

Founded in 1982. The first personal computer was released by the company in 1982. The company has put a lot of effort into turning personal computers into a central computing and communications platform - a universal tool for both home and work.

Compaq is the number one manufacturer of business desktop personal computers powered by Pentium processors. Compaq Deskpro computers provide industry-leading price/performance with intelligent management that brings server management technologies, including reliability, security, and resource management, to the desktop. Intelligent management simplifies the operation of networked personal computers, allowing customers to significantly reduce overall operating costs.

In the notebook space, Compaq offers solutions for highly mobile professionals, users who need all the functionality of a desktop PC, and those on a budget.

In 1996, Compaq released a new family of portable personal computers, the Armada, with built-in telecommunications capabilities that turn these computers into full-fledged portable personal computers. Information Systems with features such as wireless connection, video conferencing and telephony.

Since 1993, Compaq has been the world's number one supplier of PC servers and super servers. In 1996, the company accounted for 41% of the global server market. As businesses accelerate their transition to distributed computing Powerful client/server systems based on industry standards are rapidly replacing traditional specialized systems built on minicomputers and mainframes. PC servers have evolved from file and print servers to application servers.

Having begun producing PC servers in 1989, the company has expanded its range from the ProSignia file and print server to the ProLiant application server, designed for mission-critical enterprise applications in distributed enterprises. In 1996, Compaq released the ProLiant 5000, a Pentium Pro-based server that provided the capabilities and performance of RISC systems.

Compaq has developed a reliable, long-life server platform. Each of its servers includes SmartStart software, designed to provide access to the resource integration expert system. It uses intelligent data processing using information stored on CD-ROM, offering an easy way to select reliable, consistent configurations across all of a company's servers. SmartStart configures the server hardware and then intelligently installs and optimizes operating system and database software such as Novell NetWare, Microsoft Windows NT and Oracle. Based on industry standards, Compaq has developed Insight Manager to provide proactive remote control network, failure prevention, backup, recovery and network state analysis in a client/server environment.

With the acquisition of Networth and Thomas Conrad in 1997 and the formation of the new Internetworking Products Group (IPG), Compaq entered the Internetworking systems market with a range of products designed to interconnect components of the client/server environment, including controllers, switches and modules. As part of its agreement with Cisco, Compaq has released the first router to help reduce network operating costs by simplifying network configuration, performance monitoring and management in mid-sized systems.

In 1992, the Compaq Presario computer was introduced, specifically aimed at the home user. This computer can serve as either a home theater with full-screen TV-quality images or a system Email, allowing the exchange of voice messages. By 1995, the company ranked second in the world in sales in this market sector, offering consumers the most advanced, easy-to-use, industry-standard personal computers with the richest multimedia capabilities. She still holds this position to this day.

Compaq sells its products in more than 100 countries through 39 of its own subsidiaries. Compaq conducts the bulk of its market operations through system integrators and resellers who not only provide wholesale trade in desktop and laptop computers, but also offer ready-made solutions for large enterprises.

Compaq technical support centers are located in Houston, Munich, and Singapore and provide 24/7 technical assistance. The company continues to improve in the field of ecology, minimizing the impact of its products on the environment. Compaq's facilities in Germany, Switzerland and Scotland have return and recycling programs for end-of-life products. Since 1993, Compaq's facilities worldwide have eliminated the use of chlorofluorocarbons. Compaq has been reducing energy consumption in its operations and has participated in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency program since 1992.

In 1995, Compaq won tenders to supply computers to the telecommunications company Northern TeleCom and the international news agency Reuters for a total amount of over $300 million.

In 1991, Compaq appeared on the Russian market and four years later took first place in sales among international computer companies. The Moscow representative office of Compaq has been operating since April 1995. In Russia, Compaq's regular clients are the State Duma and the Federal Assembly, the Presidential Administration, the Central Election Commission, the Central Bank, FAPSI, Savings Bank, Gazprom, Northern Shipping Company, representative offices of Chevron and Philip Morris.

Since 1991, Compaq has been headed by Eckhard Pfeiffer. In 1996, the corporation's sales on the world market amounted to $18 billion.

Seiko Epson Corporation (Seiko Epson Corporation)

Seiko Epson Corporation (Seiko Epson Corporation), structural subdivision Japanese diversified concern Seiko Group, engaged in the development and production of computers, matrix, inkjet and laser printers, scanners, multimedia projectors, consumables and accessories, as well as electronic components. The headquarters of Seiko Epson Corporation is located in Nagano.

The company was founded in 1942. At the end of the 90s, Seiko Epson Corporation's total sales amounted to 623 billion Japanese yen.

The total number of employees is 31 thousand people, including 20 thousand in Japan. The head of the company is Reihiro Hattori.

Fujitsu Limited (Fujitsu Limited)

Fujitsu Limited (Fujitsu Limited), a Japanese company, one of the world's leading manufacturers of computer equipment, communications equipment, semiconductors, software and services. The headquarters is located in Kawasaki.

It was founded in 1935 as a company producing telephone equipment. In 1945, Fujitsu created Japan's first computer using electromechanical switch technology.

Fujitsu is the world's leading manufacturer of 3.5-inch diameter rewritable magnetic-optical disks, archiving and imaging scanners with performance from 10 to 130 pages per minute, hard drives formats 2.5 and 3.5 inches with memory capacity from 2 to 18 GB, devices for magnetic media with 18 and 36 tracks, laser and matrix printers, bank terminals.

The Fujitsu concern includes over five hundred subsidiaries, including Amdahl and ICL PLC corporations. The total staff of the Fujitsu group of companies exceeds 180 thousand people. The head of Fujitsu Limited is Tadashi Sekizawa. Fujitsu's production facilities consist of 12 factories in Japan and 22 in other countries (USA, Spain, Malaysia, UK).

In 1997, the company's revenues amounted to more than $37 billion. Fujitsu spends about $3 billion annually on research and development.

Hitachi Limited (Hitachi)

Hitachi Limited (Hitachi), a Japanese diversified corporation occupying a leading position in the global production of industrial and energy equipment, household appliances, electronics, information and services.

It was founded in 1910 in the town of Hitachi (north of Tokyo) and was initially engaged in repairing and later improving electrical appliances.

To stay at the forefront of technological advances, Hitachi spends more than half of its revenue on research and development. The majority of its sales are components for assembling electronic equipment: semiconductor memory devices, cathode ray tubes, liquid crystal panels. Hitachi also produces power semiconductor devices, equipment for power plants, and medical equipment.

Hitachi is one of the ten largest global manufacturing corporations. In 1997, sales were approximately $64 billion. The total number of employees is over 300 thousand people.

IBM (IBM, International Business Machines, International Business Machines)
IBM (IBM, International Business Machines, International Business Machines), an American electronics corporation, the world's largest manufacturer of all types of computers and software and one of the largest providers of global information networks. The corporation ranks sixth in the list of the world's largest companies. The headquarters is located in Armonk (New York).

It was founded in 1911. It received its modern name in 1924. Since the mid-1950s, it has taken a leading position in the computer market. In 1981 she created her first personal computer. By the mid-1980s, it controlled about 60% of global computer production.

Creation of IBM

The company's history dates back to the late 19th century, when German emigrant Hermann Hollerith, who worked for the Census Bureau, proposed automating immigrant statistics using punched cards. The electric data processing machine he invented turned out to be a successful model, and in 1896 Hollerith founded a company called the Tabulating Machine Co.

In 1911, Charles Flint merged Hollerith's company with two other firms that specialized in automating statistical data processing. On June 15, 1911, a new company was registered in New York, called Computing Tabulating Recording (CTR). CTR managed to conquer its sector of the market and within a short time opened branches in Washington, Detroit, Toronto and Dayton.

In 1914, Thomas Watson Sr. became the general manager of CTR, whose name is associated with the company's main achievements in the 1920s-40s. The son of Scottish emigrants, Watson became its president within eleven months of starting work at CTR. By 1919, the company's turnover doubled and reached $2 million. As CTR machines were sold in Europe, South America, Asia and Australia, CTR was renamed International Business Machines (IBM) in 1924.

The Great Depression of the 1930s also caused significant damage to IBM. Despite the sharp cuts, Watson continued to finance scientific developments and paid for forced vacations for employees. As a result, by 1935, when the US government needed automated employment accounting systems for 26 million people, IBM was ready to fulfill this order as soon as possible. Since that time, IBM has been constantly fulfilling orders for the supply of equipment for government agencies. Also in 1935, IBM engineers created the first electric typewriter.

First computer companies

During the Second World War, the corporation's production capacities were reoriented to fulfill defense orders. Nevertheless, it was in the laboratories of IBM, together with scientists at Harvard University (among them was Howard Aiken), that work was carried out on the creation of one of the first computers - an automatic sequential controlled calculator (Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator). This machine was assembled in 1944 and was named<Марк-1>. This computer, which weighed more than five tons, despite its low speed, could carry out a rather complex sequence of mathematical calculations. In 1946, IBM offered the first commercial model of an electronic computer - the IBM 603 Multiplier.

In 1952, the IBM 701 electronic computer was released, using electron vacuum tubes. Unlike electromechanical switches used in<Марк-1>, vacuum tubes were easily replaced in case of malfunction, and most importantly, they made it possible to increase the calculation speed to 17 thousand operations per second. Created in 1954 on the basis of new technology, the NORC computer entered service with the US naval artillery in 1954. With its help, complex ballistic calculations were made, which made it possible to effectively control coastal artillery fire at extremely long distances.

In 1957, IBM Corporation's annual turnover exceeded $1 billion.

When using electronic computers, the issue of storing initial data and calculation results became acute, and in 1957 the IBM 305 RAMAC (Random Access Method of Accounting and Control) machine was created, a computer with a system for storing calculation results. RAMAC was widely used in commercial firms, and in 1960 it was used at the Winter Olympics in Squaw Valley (USA). Also in 1957, IBM engineers developed the FORTRAN programming language (FORmula TRANslation).

In 1952, Watson Sr., who had been at the helm of the company for almost 40 years, gave way to his son Thomas Watson Jr.

With the advent of transistors, tube computers became obsolete. In 1959, IBM created its first all-transistor mainframe (large general purpose computer) model 7090, capable of performing 229 thousand operations per second. Such mainframes allowed the US Air Force to create an early warning system for ballistic missile attacks. In 1964, based on two 7090 mainframes, the American airline SABER first used automated system sales and booking of air tickets in 65 cities around the world.

IBM-compatible computers

In 1964, the company offered the System-360, the first family of IBM-compatible computers and peripherals. Owners of System-360 could, if necessary, upgrade equipment and software in parts, which resulted in significant cost savings.

In 1969-71, IBM computers supported the landing of American astronauts on the Moon; in 1973, IBM fulfilled a NASA order to supply computer equipment for the program<Союз-Аполлон>. Subsequently, IBM took part in the space shuttle flight program<Шаттл>.

By the end of the 1960s, IBM dominated the market, with sales of its products exceeding $3 billion.

In 1971, the company introduced the floppy disk, which became the standard for data storage. In 1973, when Frank Carey became president of IBM, computer production increased significantly and their service life increased. In the same 1973, IBM released a system for automatically reading product prices using a laser, intended for supermarkets, as well as the IBM 3614 computer, with the help of which bank clients began to carry out account transactions.

In 1980, IBM management made a revolutionary decision to create a personal computer. When designing it, the principle of open architecture was applied: its components were universal, which made it possible to upgrade the computer in parts. To reduce the cost of creating a personal computer, IBM used the developments of other companies as components for its brainchild, in particular, an Intel microprocessor and Microsoft software. The appearance of the IBM PC in 1981 created an avalanche-like demand for personal computers, which have now become tools for people in a variety of professions. Along with this, there was a huge demand for software and computer peripherals. Hundreds of new companies emerged on this wave, occupying their niches in the computer market.

The Present and Future of IBM

Despite the enormous importance of the personal computer market, IBM's interests extend much wider. The corporation's traditionally strong position is in the production of mainframes. In 1995, IBM received a prestigious order from the American government to create the world's most powerful supercomputer for the Livermore Laboratory, a nuclear research center in the United States. In 1996-1997, the brainchild of IBM, the chess computer Deep Blue, entered into single combat with world chess champion Garry Kasparov. IBM also produces its own microprocessors, and its OS/2 operating system is used in every third US bank.

The research of scientists in IBM research laboratories goes far beyond purely commercial interests and is important for the entire world of science. In 1986, IBM employees G. Binnig (Germany) and G. Rohrer (Switzerland) received the Nobel Prize in Physics for the creation of a scanning tunnel microscope, and in 1987, IBM employees J. G. Bednorz (Germany) and K. A. Muller (Switzerland) for the discovery of new superconducting materials. IBM ranks first among US companies in the number of patents received for inventions. In 1996, IBM patented 1,867 inventions. By the end of the 1990s, the corporation was spending about $5 billion a year on scientific research.

In 1993, the new chairman of the board of directors, Louis Gerstner, chose a new strategic direction for the corporation - the creation of a network computer and the development of network technologies. The first example of such a computer appeared in 1996, and on December 31 of the same year, IBM, Mastercard and the Danish payment system announced the first transaction (payment) over the Internet using the SET protocol. IBM sees its immediate tasks as creating reliable systems for electronic business. IBM owns 95% of the ATM software market. As the largest Internet service provider, the company serves more than 30 thousand corporate clients in 850 cities in more than one hundred countries around the world.

IBM's revenues in 1997 exceeded $78 billion, including $13 billion from the sale of software and more than $19 billion from the provision of Internet services. The company's net profit exceeded $6 billion. In 1998, the company's staff numbered about 250 thousand people.

Intel Technologies Incorporated (Intel Technologies Incorporated)

Intel Technologies Incorporated (Intel Technologies Inc.), an American corporation, is the world's largest manufacturer of microprocessors, equipment for personal computers, computer systems and communications equipment.

It was founded in 1968 by Robert Noyce and Gordon Moore. The goal of the new enterprise was to develop, based on semiconductor technology, a cheaper alternative to magnetic storage devices. At the end of 1970, while fulfilling an order from the Japanese company Busicom, company engineer Ted Hoff designed an integrated chip - a universal logic device that searched for and selected application commands from semiconductor memory. As the core of a set of four chips, this central computing unit not only met the requirements of Busicom's order, but could also be used in a wide variety of applications without any modifications. This is how the 4004 microprocessor appeared.

Soon the 8008 chip was introduced, which processed 8 bits of data at a time (see MP x88/x86 family). Both computing devices are now available to developers of all types of products, providing them with endless opportunities for creativity and innovation. The first digital scales appeared in grocery stores - a microcircuit converted the weight of products into prices and read labels from purchased goods. Traffic lights have become more effective at controlling traffic. The new microprocessor has brought revolutionary changes to all areas of life - from medical instruments to restaurant cash register systems<быстрого питания>, from booking airline tickets to refueling at gas stations.

In 1981, Intel's family of microprocessors, consisting of the 16-bit 8086 and 8-bit 8088, won 2,500 technical competitions. Intel's products attracted the attention of the American electronics giant IBM, which had plans to create the first personal computer. In 1982, Intel proposed the 286 chip, which consisted of 134 thousand transistors. The 286 processor had three times the performance of other 16-bit processors of the time. Equipped with an integrated memory management device, it became the first microprocessor compatible with its predecessors. This chip was used in IBM's revolutionary product, the PC AT personal computer.

In 1985, the Intel 386 processor appeared, which had a 32-bit architecture and was equipped with 275 thousand transistors. Compaq's Deskpro 386 computer was equipped with this chip, which performed more than five million operations per second.

In 1989, the Intel 486 processor was created. The new chip with 1.2 million transistors was for the first time equipped with a built-in mathematical coprocessor. Its speed was approximately 50 times higher than that of the 4004 model, and its performance characteristics were comparable to the performance of powerful stationary computers.

In 1993, Intel introduced the Pentium processor, which was 5 times faster than the i486 processor. The Pentium uses 3.1 million transistors, delivering speeds of 90 million operations per second, which is about 1,500 times faster than the original 4004.

In 1995, the Pentium Pro processor was introduced, the first member of the Intel processor family based on the P6 architecture. Combining 5.5 million transistors, this processor was the first to be equipped with a second chip of high-speed cache memory for increased performance. With a performance of 300 million operations per second, the Pentium Pro processor continues to be the most attractive processor for multiprocessor servers and high-performance workstations.

In 1997, Intel introduced MMX technology (see Pentium MMX), a new instruction set specifically designed to improve multimedia performance. This technology is used in all subsequent generations of processors. Also in 1997, Intel introduced a new processor - the Pentium II (see Pentium II processor family). Pentium II processors, equipped with 7.5 million transistors, provide high performance for today's commercial applications. In addition, their performance reserve is sufficient to work with future programs, such as the latest operating systems and 3D Web browsers. The Pentium II supports DVD technology and graphics on the AGP bus, which provides tremendous capabilities for home computers. Intel also offers Pentium II processors for mobile PCs, delivering a whole new level of performance previously not available to users mobile computers.

In 1998 it was introduced latest processor Intel - Celeron for entry-level PCs. Personal computers based on the Intel Celeron processor meet all the basic requirements and are available to many new PC users. They provide comprehensive capabilities for using today's standard business and home computer programs.

The new model of the Pentium II Xeon family, which appeared in 1998, was specifically designed for mid- and high-end servers, as well as workstations. The Pentium II Xeon processor is equipped with a high-speed second-level cache memory with a capacity of 512 KB or 1 MB built into the case, operating at a processor core clock frequency of 400 MHz. Intel's immediate plans are primarily related to the introduction of a new set of commands, KNI (Katmai New Instruction), which will significantly speed up the processing of 3D graphics and video data, as well as scientific and engineering applications.

Intel processors have come a long way towards technical excellence. If the first Intel products had an integrated circuit thickness of approximately 12 microns, modern processors are manufactured using 0.25-micron technology. For comparison, it should be noted that the thickness of a human hair is approximately 100 microns. If the 4004 processor had 2300 transistors, the package modern processor Pentium II contains 7.5 million transistors.

Technologies developed by Intel have radically changed all modern life, work and leisure. But Intel is not only about processors. Developed Intel technology ProShare for video conferencing brings together people living vast distances from each other, giving doctors the opportunity to consult patients who are hundreds and thousands of kilometers away.

In 1991, Intel began operating in the former USSR. In 1997, Intel's sales in this region were $376 million.

Microsoft (Microcomputer Software) Corporation (Microsoft)
Microsoft (Microcomputer Software) Corporation (Microsoft), an American corporation specializing in the development of software for personal computers. The headquarters is located in Redmond (Washington).

It was founded in July 1975 in Albuquerque (New Mexico) by programmers Bill Gates and Paul Allen.

Microsoft is the world's largest software development company, with fiscal 1998 sales of $14.5 billion and net income of $4.5 billion. Microsoft produces the MS-DOS, Microsoft Windows and Windows NT operating systems, the Microsoft Office software package, the Microsoft Access database, the Microsoft Encarta computer encyclopedia, etc.

The company employs more than 27 thousand people, of which 14 thousand are in Washington state. For a long time, the company was headed by Bill Gates. Since 1998, its official head is Paul Allen.

Netscape Communications Corporation (Netscape Communications Corporation)

Netscape Communications Corporation (Netscape Communications Corporation), an American corporation specializing in the development of software for working in computer networks Internet and Intranet. The headquarters is located in Mountain View (California).

Netscape was founded in 1994 by Dr. James H. Clark and Marc Andreessen, the author of NCSA mosaic software, whose graphical interface made it easier for users to navigate the Internet.

The company's main product, the Netscape Navigator program, became the most popular in 1995-96. popular application for PC. The company's profits in 1995 amounted to 85, in 1996 - 345 million dollars. The staff consists of 2 thousand people. The company has ten representative offices in Europe and five in the Asia-Pacific region.

Since Netscape software is compatible with various computer platforms, large corporations such as Chrysler, Federal Express, Fujitsu, Olivetti, Siemens Nixdorf Netscape have purchased it to power their corporate networks. Netscape software includes four product families: Netscape Communicator client software suite, Netscape SuiteSpot and FastTrack servers, Netscape Development Tools, Netscape Commerce Applications.

Netscape software products are distinguished by excellent performance, ease of use, and the ability to encode access to information via the Internet and Intranet. The Netscape product interface supports multimedia information, including rich text, graphics, 3D models, sound and video. In addition, Netscape software supports Internet standards (including Java, JavaScript, HTML, HTTP, IIOP, IMAP4, LDAP, NNTP, POP3, and SMTP) and security standards (such as SSL).

Samsung Corporation (Samsung Corporation)

It was founded in 1938 in Daegu by entrepreneur Lee Byung Chal. During the 1950s, Samsung grew into a large company that worked hard to reconstruct the South Korean economy. Successful development allowed Samsung in the 80s, penetrate into the sectors of the semiconductor and other high-tech industries, and in the late 90s, reach the forefront of scientific and technological progress. Samsung produces aerospace, telecommunications, office equipment, household appliances, industrial automated complexes, optical electronics. The corporation also owns enterprises in the shipbuilding, automotive, chemical, and construction industries. Samsung enterprises employ 267 thousand people. In 1996, management of Samsung Corporation passed to the son of the company's founder, Lee Kun Ni.

Traditionally, all Samsung factories were built in Korea itself, but recently the corporation began to locate production facilities abroad - in Tijuana (Mexico), Tisside (Great Britain), Tianjin (China), Seremban (Malaysia), Manaus (Brazil). In 1998, Samsung's US semiconductor manufacturing plant in Austin, Texas, went into operation.

Subsidiaries of Samsung Electronics, Samsung Display Devices, Samsung Electro-Mechanics, Samsung Coming, Samsung SDS produce monitors, inkjet printers, laptops, CD-ROM drives, hard drives, communications equipment. In 1997, Samsung's consolidated income was $96 billion and its net profit was $291 million.

Sun Microsystems (Sun Microsystems)

Sun Microsystems (Sun Microsystems), an American company, the world's leading developer of network technologies.

Sun Microsystems was founded in the early 1980s at Stanford University, one of the best in the world educational institutions in Computer Science Education (Sun is an acronym for Stanford University Network).

The impetus for the creation of the company was the successful experience of Stanford University senior student from Germany Andreas Bechtolsheim in creating his own computer from available inexpensive components. Economics student Vinod Khosla assessed the economic potential of the new product and managed to attract the attention of manufacturing companies from Silicon Valley.

The main activity of the young company was the implementation of ready-made industry standards in the new generation of open network systems. Successful innovations in this area allowed Sun Microsystems to offer the market's first powerful and affordable network workstation. By turning the operating room UNIX system With its core technology, Sun Microsystems has created fertile ground for business development for many companies. In 1995, the company launched the object-oriented programming language Java, intended primarily for creating Internet applications.

Until 1998, Sun Microsystems consisted of several independently operating subsidiaries. In April 1998, the corporation was reorganized: it began to consist of seven closely interacting divisions involved in the development and production of certain technologies, types of products or providing specific services.

ViewSonic products

Viewsonic (Vyusonic), an American company, manufacturer of monitors for personal computers.

Viewsonic was founded in 1987 by entrepreneur James Chu. Viewsonic achieved commercial success in 1990, earning $8 million and a reputation for producing high-quality monitors for professionals. In 1994, Viewsonic began supplying monitors to the European market, and two years later, sales in Europe generated revenue of $100 million, of which about 40% came from the Russian market.

In 1995, Viewsonic bought Optiquest, a manufacturer of color monitors for the mass consumer.

Viewsonic's head office is located in Walnut, near Los Angeles (California), with a central European office in Crawley (UK). Viewsonic's logo is three Australian finches.